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Kyrie

Kyrie (vokatiivimuoto sanasta kreik. κύριος, kyrios, herra) on katolisen ja useimpien läntisten kirkkojen perinnettä seuraavien kirkkokuntien messujen alussa oleva osa, jonka sanat ovat:

Κυριε ελεησον; Χριστε ελεησον; Κυριε ελεησον.
Kyrie eleison; Kriste eleison; Kyrie eleison.

eli

Herra armahda, Kristus armahda, Herra armahda

Kyrie lauletaan messussa messun johdanto-osassa synnintunnustuksen, synninpäästön (ja kiitosrukouksen) jälkeen, ja se kuuluu messun ordinarium-osiin, joten sen teksti ei vaihtele kirkkovuoden mukaan. Sävelletyt kyriet noudattavat yleensä tekstin mukaista ABA-rakennetta ja monissa kirkoissa Kyrien sävelmä vaihtelee kirkkovuoden ajankohdan mukaan, esimerkiksi Ruotsin kirkon käsikirjassa.[1]

Kyrie, Herra, armahda -huudahdus on alkuaan kuulunut esirukouksen yhteyteen, se oli seurakunnan osallistuminen diakonin litaniatyyppisessä rukouksessa tuomiin rukouspyyntöihin. Litania kuului idän kirkkojen liturgiaan 300-luvulla. 400-luvulla se levisi länteen ja Herra, armahda - huudahtukseen lisättiin Christe, eleison, Kristus, armahda. Litania jätettiin pois arkipäivisin ja siten Kyrie muodostui omaksi liturgiseksi osaksi. Se voidaan laulaa kuusi-, yhdeksän- tai kaksitoistakertaisena, useimmiten silloin esilaulajan/lauluryhmän ja seurakunnan vuorotellessa.[2]

1970-luvulta alkaen on joissain kirkoissa syntynyt vaihtoehto, jossa Kyrie yhdistetään synnintunnustukseen. Näin on menetelty Katolisen kirkon messukirjassa 1970[2]. Useissa luterilaisissa kirkoissa, myös Suomen ev. lut. kirkon ja Ruotsin kirkon käsikirjassa[1] on elvytetty vanhakirkollisen perinteen mukainen Kyrie-litania, Se on ollut kauan unohduksissa, mutta se on löydetty uudelleen viime vuosisadan jälkipuolen jumalanpalvelusuudistuksessa. Kyrie-litania on messun ordinarium osan Herra, armahda -laulun alkuperäinen, esirukouksen tapainen muoto.[3][2]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Ruotsin kirkon käsikirja Suomenkielisiä jumalanpalveluksia varten. Osa I, s. 5-6. Verbum ISBN 91-5265657-8, 1339.
  2. ↑ a b c Heikki Kotila: Liturgian lähteilä. Johdatus jumalanpalveluksen historiaan ja teologiaan, s. 162-165. Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. ISBN 954-0-49403-5, 1994.
  3. ↑ ”I Jumalanpalvelusten kirja”, Suomen evankelis-luterilaisen kirkon Kirkkokäsikirja I-III, s. 208. Kirjapaja.

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