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Turkin alueet

Turkin maantieteelliset alueet. Marmaran alue on tummanvihreä, Mustanmeren alue vaaleanvihreä, Egeanmeren alue vaaleansininen, Välimeren alue tummansininen, Keski-Anatolian alue ruskea, Itä-Anatolian alue oranssi, ja Kaakkois-Anatolian alue keltainen.

Turkin alueet ovat seitsemän maantieteellistä aluetta (turkiksi bölge), joihin Turkki on jaettu. Jako juontuu Ankarassa 1941 pidettyyn Turkin ensimmäiseen maantieteelliseen kongressiin, ja on ollut käytössä siitä asti.[1] Ne jakautuvat edelleen 21 osa-alueeseen (bölüm), jotka puolestaan jakautuvat lukuisiin seutuihin (yöre). Seutujako perustuu pienilmastoon ja paikalliseen maantieteeseen. Nämä alueet ovat nimenomaan maantieteellisiä, eivätkä ne vastaa Turkin aluehallinnollista jakoa.

Alueet

  • Marmaran alue sijaitsee luoteis-Turkissa Marmaranmeren ympärillä. Se on alueista pienin, mutta väkiluvultaan ja väentiheydeltään suurin.[2] Istanbul sijaitsee tällä alueella.
  • Egeanmeren alue sijaitsee Turkin länsirannikolla. Lukuisten Egeanmeren saarien ja rikkonaisen rannikon ansiosta sen rantaviiva on alueista pisin.
  • Mustanmeren alue sijaitsee Turkin pohjoisosassa. Se käsittää Mustanmeren rannikon ja Pontiset vuoret. Vuotuiset sademäärät ovat Turkin suurimpia, ja alueella on runsaasti metsiä.
  • Keski-Anatolian alue sijaitsee Turkin keskellä; pääkaupunki Ankara jää tälle alueelle. Alue on kuivaa puoliaavikkoa, ja sademäärät jäävät Turkin alhaisimmiksi.
  • Itä-Anatolian alue sijaitsee Turkin itäosassa. Se on alueista laajin, harvimpaan asuttu[2] ja sen keskikorkeus merenpinnasta on suurin. Kurdit muodostavat väestön pääosan.
  • Kaakkois-Anatolian alue sijaitsee Turkin kaakkoisosassa Välimeren rannikolla. Kesät ovat kuumimpia ja kuivimpia Turkissa, ja metsän osuus on pienin.
  • Välimeren alue sijaitsee Turkin etelärannikolla. Vuoden keskilämpötila on täällä korkein, ja talvet ovat lauhoja ja kosteita. Rannikolla on monia Turkin suosituimpia turistikohteita.

Alueiden väkiluvut

Väkiluvut alueittain (2019)[2]
Alue Väkiluku
Marmara 24 465 689
Keski-Anatolia 12 705 812
Välimeren 10 552 942
Egean 10 318 157
Kaakkois-Anatolia 8 876 531
Mustanmeren 7 674 496
Itä-Anatolia 5 966 101

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Ali Yiğit: "Geçmişten Günümüze Türkiye'yi Bölgelere Ayıran Çalışmalar ve Yapılması Gerekenler" (PDF) Ankara Üniversitesi Türkiye Coğrafyası Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, IV. Ulural Coğrafya Sempozyumu, "Avrupa Birliği Sürecindeki Türkiye'de Bölgesel Farklılıklar". Ankaran yliopisto. Arkistoitu 31.3.2012. Viitattu 1.3.2021. (turkiksi)
  2. ↑ a b c Türkiye'nin Nüfus Haritası Turkin sisäministeriö. Viitattu 1.3.2021. (turkiksi)

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