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Isidore de Charax

Isidore de Charax
Biographie
Naissance
Activités
Période d'activité
Ie siècle av. J.-C. ou Ie siècleVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Œuvres principales
Étapes parthes (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata

modifier - modifier le code - modifier WikidataDocumentation du modèle

Isidore de Charax (en grec polytonique : Ἰσίδωρος ὁ Χαρακηνός / ʼIsídōros ho Charakīnós ; en latin : Isidorus Characenus) est un géographe et voyageur grec dont presque rien n'est connu. Selon son éditeur et traducteur Wilfred Harvey Schoff (en)[1], son nom signifierait qu'il était natif de la ville de Charax, en Characène, au nord de l'actuel Golfe Persique. Cependant le mot grec « « charax » signifie simplement « palissade » et plusieurs autres villes fortifiées portaient ce nom.

M.-L. Chaumont situe sa naissance après 77 av. J.-C. et la rédaction de son Itinéraire sous le règne d’Auguste ou celui de Tibère[2].

Il a laissé une œuvre décrivant l'itinéraire commercial du Levant vers l'Inde, dont il ne reste que quelques fragments concernant notamment l'empire Parthe (Étapes parthes, Journée en Parthie, Description du monde). Il y situe la Médie-Rhagiènè[3], et décrit entre autres Demetriapolis[4] et Apamée de Choarène[5]. La source principale d'Isidore serait de provenance parthe et remonterait à la fin du IIIe siècle av. J.-C.[6]

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (en) Wilfred H. Schoff, Parthian Stations by Isidore of Charax: The Greek text, with a translation and commentary, Philadelphie, Commercial Museum, (lire en ligne)
  2. ↑ M.-L. Chaumont, « Études d’histoire parte : La route royale des Parthes de Zeugma à Séleucie du Tigre d’après l’Itinéraire d’Isidore de Charax », Syria. Archéologie, art et histoire, 1984, (no)61-1-2, p. 63-107
  3. ↑ « Étapes parthes », livre 7-9, cité par Paul Bernard, « L'Asie centrale et l'empire séleucide », Topoi. Orient-Occident, vol. 4, no 2,‎ , p. 473-511
  4. ↑ Epigraphia Indica p.90ff
  5. ↑ « Étapes parthes », livre 8, cité par P. Bernard, L'Asie centrale ... op. cit., p. 500, n. 51
  6. ↑ W. W. Tharn, « Seleucid–Parthian Studies », Proc. Brit. Acad., vol. XVI,‎ , p. 118 ; M. I. Rostovtzeff, Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XI, 426 p. ; W. W. Tharn, The Greeks in Bactria and in India, pp. 53 et suiv. Neilson C. Debevoise, A Political History of Parthia, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, , xiiii + 303

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