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Offensive de Tartu

Offensive de Tartu
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Carte soviétique de l'offensive.
Informations générales
Date du au
Lieu Sud-Est de l'Estonie (URSS)
58° 22′ N, 26° 43′ E
Issue Victoire soviétique
Belligérants
Drapeau de l'URSS Union soviétique Drapeau de l'Allemagne nazie Reich allemand
Commandants
Drapeau de l'URSS Ivan Maslennikov Drapeau de l'Allemagne Jürgen Wagner
Forces en présence
272 800 hommes 65 000 hommes
Pertes
16 292 morts ou disparus
55 514 blessés ou malades		 Inconnues

Front de l'Est de la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Batailles

Coordonnées 58° 22′ nord, 26° 43′ est

modifier

L'opération offensive de Tartu (russe : Тартуская наступательная операция), également connu sous le nom de bataille de Tartu (estonien : Tartu lahing) ou de bataille d'Emajõgi (estonien : Emajõe lahingud, allemand : Schlacht am Embach) est une campagne menée dans le sud-est de l'Estonie en 1944. Elle s'est déroulée sur le front de l'Est pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et a opposé le 3e front de la Baltique de l'Armée rouge à des unités du groupe d'armées Nord de la Wehrmacht.

L'objectif tactique soviétique était de vaincre la 18e armée et de s'emparer de la ville de Tartu. L'objectif stratégique était une occupation rapide de l'Estonie. Le commandement soviétique prévoyait d'atteindre la côte du golfe de Riga et de piéger le détachement de l'armée « Narwa »[1]. Du côté allemand, des conscrits estoniens se sont battus pour défendre leur pays contre l'annexion soviétique imminente[2]. Le 3e front de la Baltique s'empare de Tartu ; la conquête cause la destruction du Musée national estonien et 40 millions de roubles de dommages à l'Université de Tartu. Le Kampfgruppe de Wagner stabilise le front du fleuve Emajõgi. Le XXVIIIe corps d'armée soutenu par la milice Omakaitse bloque le front sur les cours d'eau Väike Emajõgi et Gauja, empêchant le 3e front de balte de couper le Heeresgruppe Nord.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (ru) Арвед Калво (1976) Изгнание фашистов из Южной Эстонии (август - сентябрь 1944 года).
  2. ↑ Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression, The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. 1940–1991, Estonian Encyclopedia Publishers, (lire en ligne), p. 18

Voir aussi

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