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Logika

De logika is de wittenskip fan redenearring. De logika stipet minsken om harren kar te meitsjen wannear't eat wier of net-wier is.

In populêr foarbyld jûn troch Aristoteles:

  1. Elts minsk sil in kear stjerre.
  2. Aristoteles is in minsk.
  3. Dêrom sil Aristoteles ek stjerre.

Logyske symboalen

  • wurdt lêzen as "en"; betsjut beide fan twa.
  • wurdt lêzen as "of"; betsjut op syn minst ien fan 'e twa.
  • wurdt lêzen as "ymplisearret" of "as... dan...".
  • wurdt lêzen as "net" of "it is net it gefal dat...".

Hjir itselde foarbyld yn logyske symboalen:

En dizze symboalen binne itselde foarbyld yn algemiene tekens:

Klausulen

Ta beslút, sprekt men oer logika, sprekt men oer logyske klausulen. In klausule is ienfâldich eat as "Aristoteles is in minsk" of "Elts minsk sil stjerre". De klausulen binne of wier of net-wier, mar se kinne wier en tagelyk net-wier wêze.

Der bestean ferklearringen dy't altyd wier binne. is altyd wier. it wurdt in tautology neamd (bygelyks: "it reint, of it reint net").

Kompjûters brûke de logika yn algoritmen. In algoritme is in soart fan resept foar it itensieden; it fertelt de kompjûter hokker aksje it dwaan moat en wannear.

Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes

Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:

Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: References, op dizze side.


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