Nigeria w1 locatortutar najeriyamanuniyar najeriyababban birnin najeriyacrisis a najeriyaSojan Nigeria
Najeriya (/nadʒɪəriyə/) ko Nijeriya (/niˈdʒɪəriyə/) da (turanci: Nigeria), A gwamnatance Tarayyar Najeriya, ƙasa ce da ke a Afirkata Yamma. Tana da iyaka da kasar Nijar daga Arewa da Chadi daga Arewa maso gabas da Kamaru daga gabas da Benin daga Yamma, daga Kudanci kuma tana a gaɓar Tekun Atlantika. Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya, ta ƙunshi Jihohi guda 36, tare da Babban Birnin Tarayya Abuja (Federal Capital Territory) inda fadar shugaban ƙasa wato "villa" take.[1][2][3]
Najeriya ta kasance gida da dama ga 'yan asalin Turawa masu mulkin mallaka, jihohin da suka mallaka tunda (BC), tare da Nok Wayewa ta kasance ita ce karo na farko da Turawan mulkin mallaka suka fara mallakewa a Yammacin Africa a cikin karni na sha biyar (15) A zamani jihar an samo asali da Birtaniya a cikin karni na sha tara (19), yana daukar yanayin na yanzu tare da hade yankin KudancinNajeriya da kuma kare Arewacin Najeriya a cikin shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da goma sha hudu (1914), ta Lord Lugard. Ingilishi ya kafa tsarin gudanarwa da na doka yayin aiwatar da mulkin kai tsaye ta hanyar shugabannin gargajiya.[5] Najeriya, ta zama kasar tarayyar da ke da ƴanci kai tsaye a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da sittin (1960). Ta fuskanci yakin basasa daga shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967 ). zuwa shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da bakwai (1970). sannan a biyo bayan zababbun gwamnatocin farar hula da mulkin kama-karya na soja, har sai an sami tabbatacciyar dimokuradiyya a shekara ta alif (1999) zaben shugaban kasa na shekara ta (2015). shi ne karo na farko da shugaban Kasa mai ci ya fadi zabensa. [6][7]
Najeriya kasa ce mai yawan Al’umma da ke zaune, sama da kabilu guda Dari, biyu da hamsin (250), wadanda ke magana da yarurruka daban daban guda (500), dukkansu suna dauke da al'adu iri daban daban. Manyan kabilun guda uku su ne Hausa – Fulani a Arewa, Yarbawa a Yamma, da kuma Igbo a gabas, wadanda suka hada da kashi 60% na yawan mutanen. Yaren hukuma shi ne Ingilishi, wanda aka zaba don saukake hadin harshe a matakin kasa. Tsarin mulkin Nijeriya ya tabbatar da ƴancin yin addini ; kuma kasa ce dake dauke da Al’ummar musulmai da Kirista, a lokaci guda. Najeriya ta kasu kashi biyu tsakanin musulmai, wadanda yawanci ke zaune a arewacin kasar, da kuma kiristoci, wadanda yawanci ke zaune a kudancin kasar, tare da ƴan tsirarun da ke yin addinin asali, kamar wadanda ke cikin kabilar Igbo da kuma yarbawa.[8][9]
Bola Tinubu shugaban kasar na yanzu
Najeriya ita ce kasa mafi yawan mutane a Afirka, kuma kasa ta bakwai mafi yawan mutane a Duniya, tare da kimanin mutane miliyan daribiyu dashi da (206). Tattalin arzikinta shine mafi girma a Afirka, kuma shi ne na (26), mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar GDP maras fadi, kuma na (25), mafi girma daga PPP. Najeriya galibi ana kiranta da "Giant of Africa", ma'ana karfin Afrika saboda yawan jama'a da tattalin arzikinta, kuma Bankin Duniya yana daukarta a matsayin kasuwa mai tasowa. Karamar yanki ce a cikin Afirka, matsakaiciyar karfi a cikin al'amuran kasa da kasa, sannan kuma tana daya daga cikin kasashe mafi yawan Al’umma a duniya. Koyaya, kasar tana kasa sosai a cikin jerin kasashen duniya, kuma har yanzu tana daya daga cikin kasashe masu rashawa a duniya. Najeriya memba ce ta kafuwar Tarayyar Afirka, kuma memba ce a kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama, wadanda suka hada da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kungiyar kasashen Yammacin Africa (ECOWAS), kungiyar kasashe masu arzikin man fetur, (OPEC), kuma memba ce na yau da kullum a gamayyar MINT, kuma tana daya daga cikin Kasashe goma sha daya masu tashen karuwan tattalin arziki wato "Next Eleven".[10]
Kirkira.
Sunan Nijeriya an dauke shi daga Kogin Neja wanda ya ratsa kasar. Wannan sunan ya samo asali ne a ranar takwas (8), ga watan Janairun shekara ta (1897), dan jaridar Ingila Flora Shaw, wanda daga baya ya auri Lord Lugard, mai kula da mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya. Nijar da ke makwabtaka da ita sun samo sunan daga wannan kogin. Asalin sunan Nijar, wanda asali ana amfani da shi ne kawai zuwa tsakiyar Kogin Neja, ba tabbas. Watakila kalmar ta canza sunan Tuaregegerew n-iger ewen da mazauna ke amfani da shi a tsakiyar kogin da ke kusa da Timbuktu kafin mulkin mallaka na Turai na karni na (19). Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
Babban Bankin Nigeria.Shugaban kasan najeriya(bola ahmad tinubu)
Tarihi ya nuna cewar Nijeriya dadaddar kasa ce, kuma tarihi yanuna kasar na nan tun a shekara ta (500), kafin haihuwar Yesu Almasihu wato Annabi Isah (A.S), a wannan lokaci suka samata suna Kasar Hausa . Addinin musulunci ya shiga Kasar Hausa ne tun a karni na goma sha uku (13) miladiya. a karshen karni na goma sha daya (11), zuwa tsakiyar karni na goma sha hudu (14), miladiya. Kanem Barno suka mamaye Kasar Hausa, kuma Fulani sun mamaye Kasar Hausa a farkon karni na goma sha tara (19), miladiya har zuwan Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka mamaye Lagos a shekara ta (1881) miladiya, ana cikin Yakin duniya na farko sai Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka karo sojojin ruwa saboda suna tsoran Jamusawa da ke Kamaru kada sumamaye Najeriya, amma mulkin Najeriya na farko a hannun Turawan Purtgal. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da
biyar (1885), sai Turawan Birtaniya suka mamaye duk fadin Nijeria har zuwa 01, ga oktoba, 1960. Nijeriya ta samu 'yancin kanta daga Turawan Biritaniya.
A shekara ta (1966), zuwa shekara ta (1979) sojoji ne ke da ikon a kan kasar, a shekara ta (1979), a ka yi tsari wanda ya bawa talakawa ikon zaben gwamna. A shekara ta (1983), sojoji suka rushe wannan tsarin da juyin mulki har zuwa shekara ta (1998), bayan rasuwar Sani Abacha, sai aka dawo da tsarin mulki na dimokaradiya aka bawa talakawa ikon zaben shugaban da suke so, a shekara ta (1999), aka yi zabe a kasa.Obasanjo ya lashe zabe ya zama shugaban kasa na farko wanda talaka suka zaba, ya hau karo na biyu har zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da bakwai (2007), A wannan shekara aka yi zabe, Umaru Yar'Aduwa ya lashe shi ne shugaban kasa a shekarar ta dubu biyu da sha daya (2011). Dukkansu sun fito daga jam'iyya daya ne, wato (jam'iyyar PDP). Umaru musa gyar'aduwa ya rasu a shekara ta dubu biyu da tara (2009), matemakin sa Jonathan ebele goodluck , ya cigaba da Mulki zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha days (2011). A yayin da a kayi zabe yalashe yacigaba da Mulki harzuwa she Kara ta dubu biyu da sha biyar (2015), yayin da a kayi zabe ta dubu biyu da sha biyar (2015), shugaban kasa wato General Muhammad Buhari yalashe zabe. Bayan shekara Tara wato yadda dimokiradiya ta tanadar ya sauka daga gadan Mulki she Kara ta dubu biyu da (2023), yabaiwa dan jam'iyarasa wato Bola Ahmad Tunubu Wanda yanzu shiyake rike da mulkin kasar Najeriya.[1]
Manyan yarika a Najeriya sune guda uku kamar haka: Harshen Hausa da Yarbanci da Inyamuranci. Yaren Fulatanci ma yana daya daga cikin manyan yaruka a Najeriya.
Yarabawa sun kasance na biyu a wayanda suka fi kowa yawa a cikin kasar Najeriya, suna zaune a garuruwa irin su, Legas da Ondo da Oyo da Osun da Kwara da kuma Kogi.
Taron yarabawa a wani yanki a kasar yoruba , sun sanya irin na kayan su na yarbawa.
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