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Mučenik

Mučeništvo svetoga Sebastijana

Mučenik (u starogrčkim μάρτυς "martyr", ili μαρτύριον "svjedok", "dokaz") je čovjek koji u teološkim kontekstu iz predanosti svom vjerskim opredjeljenju žrtvuje svoj život, i prihvaća patnju mučenja i nasilnu smrt. Mučeništvo se kroz povijest smatralo djelom koje briše grijehe, te kod nekrštenih kršćana nadomješta krštenje vodom „baptisimus sanguinis“, krštenje krvlju. U katakombama su poštovali mučenike moleći se na njihovim grobovima i spominjući ih u bogoslužju, osobito na godišnjice njihovih smrti, ukopa ili prijenosa njihovih kostiju. Od 4. stoljeća nadalje, nad grobovima mučenika gradile su se crkve, a njihovim relikvijama pripisivale su se čudotvorne moći zaštite od bolesti i nesreće. O životu i smrti mučenika pisali su se već u prvim stoljećima kršćanstva pobožni prikazi „acta martyrum.“

Knjiga o kršćanskim mučenicima zove se pasional.[1]

Pojam se često koristi i za opisivanje pojedinca koji žrtvuje svoj život za druge.

Mučenici u širem smislu označavaju i osobe koje svjesno podnose patnju, te primjerice iz političkih uvjerenja trpe progonstvo i smrt.

Sveti Stjepan Prvomučenik je prvi kršćanski mučenik.

Pojam mučeništva postoji također u judaizmu, islamu (šehid), hinduizmu, bahá'íu i sikhizmu.

Mučenici

Izvori

  • Opća enciklopedija Zagreb 1979.
  1. ↑ Leksikon ikonografije, liturgike i simbolike zapadnog kršćanstva, ur. Anđelko Badurina. AB: Pasional, Sveučilišna naklada Liber, Kršćanska sadašnjost, Institut za povijest umjetnosti, Zagreb, 1979., str. 451

Vanjske poveznice

Nedovršeni članak Mučenik koji govori o religiji treba dopuniti. Dopunite ga prema pravilima Wikipedije.

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