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A priori nyelvek

Az a priori nyelvek olyan mesterséges nyelvek, amelyek nem a természetes nyelvek szerkezetére és elemeire épülnek, a nyelvek filozófiai illetve logikai alapokra épülnek. Alapgondolatuk: „létezik egy nyelv előtti gondolkodás, és a jelentés elsődleges a nyelvvel szemben.”

Ilyen nyelv például a Klingon, vagy a Tolkien regényekben használt mesterséges nyelvek.

Fajtái

lexiko-centrikus modellek (fogalom osztályozó rendszerek)

  • Raimundus Lullus (Ramón Llull): Ars generalis ultima, 1308100 fogalomból álló paszigráfia
  • George Dalgarno: Ars signorum vulgo character universalis et lingua philosophica qua poterunt homines diversissimorum idiomatum…, 1661
  • John Wilkins: An Essay towards a real character and Philosopical Language, with an alphabetical Dictionary, 1668
  • G. W. Leibnitz: Opera omnia, 1768
  • Ward P. Forster: Ro, 1908
  • Moubar Agapoff: Unilingua, 1965

grammatiko-centrikus modellek (racionális-logikai struktúrák)

  • Robert N. Yetter: lalortel, 1959
  • Hans Freudenthal: lincos, 1960
  • James Cooke Brown: loglan, 1960
  • Fuishiki Okamoto: babm, 1962

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