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Iaido

Iaido (居合道, Iaidō), disingkat iai (居合),[1] adalah seni bela diri modern Jepang dan olahraga yang mengandalkan kesadaran dan kecepatan untuk menarik pedang dan merespon terhadap serangan mendadak.[2]

Iaido dikaitkan dengan pengendalian gerakan menarik pedang secara halus, dari sarung pedang atau juga disebut saya, dan digunakan untuk menyerang dan memotong lawan.[3] Praktisi yang baru berlatih iaido [4] akan memulai pelajaran menggunakan pedang kayu (bokken), tetapi juga tergantung pada gaya pengajaran instruktur tertentu, sebagian besar praktisi menggunakan pedang bermata tumpul, yang disebut iaitō.[5] Sebagian praktisi iaido yang lebih berpengalaman menggunakan pedang bermata tajam (shinken).[6]

Praktisi iaido sering disebut sebagai iaidoka.[7]

Asal usul nama

Haruna Matsuo sensei (1925–2002) mendemonstrasikan Muso Jikiden Eishin Ryu kata Ukenagashi

Istilah 'iaido' muncul pada tahun 1932 dan terdiri dari karakter kanji 居 (i), 合 (ai), dan 道 (dō).[8][9] Asal mula dari dua karakter pertama, iai (居合) (居合?), dipercaya berasal dari kalimat Tsune ni ite, kyū ni awasu (常に居て、急に合わす), yang secara kasar dapat diterjemahkan sebagai "terus-terusan (bersiap), melawan/ bertemu (musuh) secara tiba-tiba".[10] Jadi penekanan utama dalam 'iai' adalah pada keadaan psikologis yang hadir (居). Penekanan sekunder pada gambar pedang dan menanggapi serangan mendadak secepat mungkin (合).

Karakter terakhir, do (道) pada umumnya diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai jalan. Istilah 'iaido' kurang lebih diterjemahkan ke bahasa English sebagai "the way of mental presence and immediate reaction" (jalan kehadiran mental dan reaksi langsung),[8][11] dan telah dipopulerkan oleh Nakayama Hakudo.[8]

Lihat juga

Referensi

  1. ^ Hall, David A., ed. (2012), Encyclopedia of Japanese Martial Arts, (Reviewing.) Irie Kōhei, Omiya Shirō and Koike Masaru., New York, USA: Kodansha USA, Inc., hlm. 168, ISBN 978-1-56836-410-0 
  2. ^ Christensen, Karen and Allen Guttmann et.al (2001) International Encyclopedia of Women and Sports: H-R. Macmillan Reference USA, Page 553.
  3. ^ John Nauright, Charles Parrish, edited (2012) Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice.
  4. ^ Katz, Mandy (2009-04-16). "Choose Your Weapon: Exotic Martial Arts". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-12. 
  5. ^ Armstrong, Hunter B (1995) The koryu Bujutsu Experience in Koryu Bujutsu - Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan (ed. by Diane Skoss).
  6. ^ Warner, Gordon, ed. (1982), Japanese Swordsmanship - Technique and Practice, Donn F. Draeger., Boston/London: Weatherhill, hlm. 102, ISBN 978-0-8348-0236-0 .
  7. ^ Pellman, Leonard and Masayuki Shimabukuro (2008, 2nd edition) Flashing Steel: Mastering Eishin-Ryu Swordsmanship.
  8. ^ a b c Warner, Gordon, ed. (1982), Japanese Swordsmanship - Technique and Practice, Donn F. Draeger., Boston/London: Weatherhill, hlm. 79, ISBN 978-0-8348-0236-0 .
  9. ^ Draeger, Donn F. (1974) Modern Bujutsu & Budo - The Martial Arts and Ways of Japan.
  10. ^ Kim Taylor. "An Introduction to Iaido: Its Purpose and Benefits". ejmas.com. Diakses tanggal 2014-05-27. 
  11. ^ Shaw, Scott (1999) Samurai Zen.

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