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Sungai Fly

Sungai Fly
Gower
Foto satelit sungai Fly dari NASA Blue Marble
Peta aliran Sungai Fly
Sungai Fly di Papua wilayah Indonesia
Sungai Fly
Sungai Fly di Maluku dan Papua
Sungai Fly
Peta
Peta
Peta
Koordinat:
Lokasi
CountryPapua Nugini, Indonesia
Ciri-ciri fisik
Hulu sungai 
 - lokasiPegunungan Star, Papua Nugini
Muara sungai 
 - lokasiTeluk Papua, Papua Nugini
Panjang1.050 km (650 mi)[1]
Debit air 
 - rata-rata7.500 m3/s (260.000 cu ft/s)[1]
Daerah Aliran Sungai
Luas DAS76.000 km2 (29.000 sq mi)[2][1]
Anak sungai 
 - kiriSungai Strickland
 - kananSungai Ok Tedi

Sungai Fly adalah sungai terpanjang kedua di Papua Nugini, mengalir dari Pegunungan Emanuel Victor di dataran tinggi tengah dan mengalir melalui bagian tenggara negara itu ke Teluk Papua. Panjang sungai ini mencapai 1.050 kilometer. Berdasarkan volume debit, sungai Fly adalah sungai terbesar di Oseania, dan terbesar di dunia tanpa ada satupun bendungan dalam daerah resapannya, dan secara keseluruhan sungai utama terbesar ke-20 di dunia.[1][3]

Hidrologi

Peta survei asli yang dibuat oleh L.M. D'Albertis pada tahun 1876

Sungai ini mengalir melalui hutan ngarai di hulunya, sedangkan lembah memperluas dalam perjalanannya lebih rendah, melintasi dataran dan rawa-rawa. Sungai Fly juga merupakan bagian dari perbatasan antara Provinsi Barat dan Provinsi Papua Selatan. Ada satu bagian yang melintas ke bagian barat garis bujur 141° Timur.[4] Untuk mengkompensasi perolehan tanah ini untuk Papua Nugini, batas selatan sungai Fly sedikit ke timur garis bujur 141° Timur, dan karena kesepakatan ini, Indonesia mempunyai hak untuk menggunakan sungai Fly sampai ke muaranya sebagai sarana transportasi.

Anak-anak sungai utama ke sungai Fly adalah Sungai Strickland dan Sungai Ok Tedi.

Dekat muaranya, aliran sungai Fly menemui suatu tidal bore, di mana suatu pasang laut tinggi mendorong air sungai ke arah hulu sampai perubahan pasang surut terjadi. Rentang wilayah tidal bore ini masih belum terdokumentasi.[5] Daerah muara mempunyai lebar 53 kilometer (33 mil).

Sungai ini sering terjadi banjir dan akibatnya tidak ada pemukiman umum dari berbagai ukuran di sekitar sungai ini.

Ekologi

Sungai ini penuh dengan burung dan kehidupan binatang. Sungai ini dinamai berdasarkan nama "HMS Fly", kapal yang digunakan oleh Kapten Blackwood untuk mengeksplorasi muara sungai ini pada tahun 1842.

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c d David, Lawrence; Tim, Cansfield-Smith (1990). "Sustainable Development for Traditional Inhabitants of the Torres Strait Region". 
  2. ^ IUCN: The Fly River Catchment - A Regional Environmental Assessment, 1995
  3. ^ "Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World's Major River Systems" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-03-30. Diakses tanggal 2018-12-07. 
  4. ^ Frank Jacobs (March 13, 2012). "Who Bit My Border?". The New York Times. 
  5. ^ p.159, Barrie R. Bolton. 2009. The Fly River, Papua New Guinea: Environmental Studies in an Impacted Tropical River System. Elsevier Science. ISBN 978-0444529640.

8°30′00″S 143°40′59″E / 8.500°S 143.683°E / -8.500; 143.683

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