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Unified Combatant Command

Wilayah tanggung jawab
Presiden George W. Bush dan Menteri Pertahanan Robert Gates mengadakan rapat dengan kepala gabungan dan komandan tempur.

Unified Combatant Command (UCC) adalah sebuah komando Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat yang terdiri dari pasukan dari sedikitnya dua departemen militer dan memiliki misi tetap dan berkelanjutan.[1] Komando-komando ini dibentuk untuk menyediakan komando dan kendali yang efektif atas pasukan militer Amerika Serikat tanpa memandang cabang dinas baik saat masa damai atau perang.[2] Komando disusun berdasarkan geografi (disebut "Area of Responsibility", AOR) atau fungsinya UCC adalah komando "gabungan" dengan lencana khusus yang menandakan afiliasi mereka.

Unified Command Plan (UCP) diperbarui setiap tahunnya sesuai dengan tahun fiskal Departemen Pertahanan. UCP dapat mengubah wilayah tanggung jawab (AOR) atau susunan/tugas komando tempur.[3] Per September 2011, terdapat sembilan Unified Combatant Command yang tercantum dalam Title 10 dan UCP edisi terkini. Enam UCC memiliki tugas wilayah dan tiga lainnya memiliki tugas fungsional.

Setiap komando gabungan dipimpin oleh seorang Combatant Commander (CCDR)[4] yang dijabat oleh jenderal atau laksamana bintang empat. CCDR melaksanakan komando tempur atau COCOM, sejenis otoritas komando atas pasukan khusus tanpa melihat cabang dinasnya, yang haknya cuma dimiliki CCDR sesuai hukum federal 10 U.S.C. § 164.[5] Urutan komando untuk kepentingan operasional (sesuai Goldwater–Nichols Act) berawal dari Presiden ke Menteri Pertahanan hingga Komandan Tempur.

Komando

Lencana Komando Akronim Tugas Berdiri Markas
United States Africa Command USAFRICOM Geografis 02007-10-011 Oktober 2007 Kelley Barracks, Stuttgart, Jerman
United States Central Command USCENTCOM Geografis 01983-01-011 Januari 1983 MacDill Air Force Base, Florida
United States European Command USEUCOM Geografis 01947-03-1515 Maret 1947 Patch Barracks, Stuttgart, Jerman
United States Northern Command USNORTHCOM Geografis 02002-10-011 Oktober 2002 Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado
United States Pacific Command USPACOM Geografis 01947-01-011 Januari 1947 Camp H. M. Smith, Hawaii
United States Southern Command USSOUTHCOM Geografis 01963-06-066 Juni 1963 Miami, Florida
United States Special Operations Command USSOCOM Fungsional 01987-04-1616 April 1987 MacDill Air Force Base, Florida
United States Strategic Command USSTRATCOM Fungsional 01992-06-011 Juni 1992 Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska
United States Transportation Command USTRANSCOM Fungsional 01987-07-011 Juli 1987 Scott Air Force Base, Illinois

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Joint Pub 1, p. GL-11.
  2. ^ Story, p. 2
  3. ^ DefenseLINK - Unified Command Plan
  4. ^ Joint Pub 1-02, p. 61.
  5. ^ Joint Pub 1, p. IV-4.

Referensi

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