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Internasional a Ponetiko nga Alpabeto

Ti Internasional a Ponetiko nga Alpabeto (IPA)[note 1] ket maysa a sistema ti alpabeto iti ponetiko a notasion a kangrunaan a naibatay iti Latin nga alpabeto. Daytoy ket inaramid babaen ti Gunglo ti Internasional a Ponetiko a kas alagaden a representasion kadagiti uni ti maisasao a pagsasao.[1] Ti IPA ket inus-usar babaen dagiti leksikograpo, dagiti estudiante ken dagiti manursuro ti ganganaet a pagsasao, lingguista, patologo ti maibitla a pagsasao, dagiti kumakanta, dagiti aktor, dagiti agar-aramid ti naaramid a pagsasao, ken dagiti agipatpatarus.[2][3]

Dagiti nota

  1. ^ "Ti akronimo nga 'IPA' ket nainget a mangitudo [...] iti Inggles nga 'International Phonetic Association'. Ngem itan ket kadawyanen a panagsanay a maus-usar ti akronimo a mangitudo iti alpabeto (manipud ti Inggles iti 'International Phonetic Alphabet'). Dagiti linaon ket isuda metten ti mangipalawag kadagiti dua a panag-usar." (Laver 1994:561)

Dagiti nagibasaran

  1. ^ International Phonetic Association (IPA), Handbook.
  2. ^ MacMahon, Michael K. C. (1996). "Phonetic Notation". Iti P. T. Daniels ke ni W. Bright (ed.). The World's Writing Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 821–846. ISBN 0-19-507993-0.
  3. ^ Wall, Joan (1989). International Phonetic Alphabet for Singers: A Manual for English and Foreign Language Diction. Pst. ISBN 1-877761-50-8.

Adu pay a mabasbasa

  • Ball, Martin J.; Esling, John H.; Dickson, B. Craig. (1995). "The VoQS system for the transcription of voice quality". Journal of the International Phonetic Alphabet. 25 (2): 71–80. doi:10.1017/S0025100300005181.
  • Duckworth, M.; G. Allen, M.J. Ball (Disiembre 1990). "Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for the transcription of atypical speech". Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics. 4 (4): 273–280. doi:10.3109/02699209008985489.
  • Hill, Kenneth C.; Pullum, Geoffrey K.; Ladusaw, William (Marso 1988). "Review of Phonetic symbol guide by G. K. Pullum & W. Ladusaw". Language. 64 (1): 143–144. doi:10.2307/414792. JSTOR 414792.
  • International Phonetic Association (1989). "Report on the 1989 Kiel convention". Journal of the International Phonetic Alphabet. 19 (2): 67–80.
  • International Phonetic Association (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-65236-7. (hb); ISBN 0-521-63751-1 (pb).
  • Jones, Daniel (1988). English pronouncing dictionary (revised 14th nga ed.). London: Dent. ISBN 0-521-86230-2. OCLC 18415701.
  • Ladefoged, Peter (Septiembre 1990). "The revised International Phonetic Alphabet". Language. 66 (3): 550–552. doi:10.2307/414611. JSTOR 414611.
  • Ladefoged, Peter; Morris Hale (Septiembre 1988). "Some major features of the International Phonetic Alphabet". Language. 64 (3): 577–582. doi:10.2307/414533. JSTOR 414533.
  • Laver, John (1994). Principles of Phonetics. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-45031-4. (hb); ISBN 0-521-45655-X (pb).
  • Pullum, Geoffrey K.; William A. Ladusaw (1986). Phonetic symbol guide. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-68532-2.
  • Skinner, Edith; Monich, Timothy; Mansell, Lilene (1990). Speak with Distinction. New York, NY: Applause Theatre Book Publishers. ISBN 1-55783-047-9.

Dagiti akinruar a silpo

Dagiti midia a mainaig iti Internasional a Ponetiko nga Alpabeto iti Wikimedia Commons
Dagiti midia a mainaig iti Internasional a Ponetiko nga Alpabeto iti Wikimedia Commons

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