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Buprestidae

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Buprestidi
Chrysochroa fulgidissima
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
RamoBilateria
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumTracheata
SuperclasseHexapoda
ClasseInsecta
SottoclassePterygota
CoorteEndopterygota
SuperordineOligoneoptera
SezioneColeopteroidea
OrdineColeoptera
SottordinePolyphaga
InfraordineElateriformia
SuperfamigliaBuprestoidea
FamigliaBuprestidae
Leach, 1815
Sinonimi

Elacraptidae
Jablokov-Chnzorjan, 1962

Sottofamiglie
vedi testo

I Buprestidi Leach, 1815 sono una famiglia di coleotteri diffusa in tutto il mondo con oltre 15 000 specie. In Italia se ne trovano circa 200.

Morfologia

Adulto

I Buprestidi sono caratterizzati da corpo ovale, spesso dotato di colori metallici e forte punteggiatura, zampe brevi, dotate di tarsi pentameri (formula tarsale 5-5-5), ed antenne corte, con articoli più o meno dentati.
La stragrande maggioranza delle specie sono alate e dotate di ali posteriori privi dell'articolazione che consente di ripiegarle, come accade per gli altri coleotteri. Questo fatto permette l'istantanea apertura delle ali ed una partenza in volo rapidissima.
Le dimensioni variano da pochi mm (genere Trachys) ai 7 cm del buprestide sudamericano Euchroma gigantea.

Larva

Le larve dei Buprestidi sono apode ed eucefale, bianche, con il solo capo sclerificato rossastro.
Si differenziano da quelle dei cerambicidi per la sproporzione tra il protorace, fortemente sviluppato e globoso, e l'addome sottile.

Biologia

Larva

I Buprestidi sono tutti fitofagi. Molte specie sono xilofaghe e vivono soprattutto nella zona al disotto della corteccia, altre vivono all'interno di arbusti, mentre le larve del genere Trachys scavano gallerie addirittura nello spessore delle foglie.

Adulto

Anthaxia quadripunctata su Hieracium pilosella
Capnodis tenebricosa (Olivier, 1790), tanatosi
Metaxymorpha gloriosa - Australia

I Buprestidi sono diffusi specialmente in ambienti tropicali o generalmente molto caldi.
Gli adulti sono diurni attivissimi sotto il sole, ma la loro specialità è fingersi morti, non appena disturbati (tanatosi).

Quelli delle specie più piccole frequentano i fiori (Antaxia, Acmaeodera) o le foglie degli alberi (Agrilus, Coraebus), mentre quelle di dimensioni maggiori sono arboricole e difficili da avvistare. La sottofamiglia primitiva Julodinae comprende specie arbustive diffusi in ambienti aridi.

Tassonomia

I Buprestidi sono stati divisi nelle seguenti sottofamiglie, a loro volta suddivisi nei seguenti generi:[1]

Agrilinae

Buprestinae

Chrysochroinae

Galbellinae

Julodinae

Polycestinae

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Patrice Bouchard, Yves Bousquet e Anthony Davies, Family-Group Names In Coleoptera (Insecta), in ZooKeys, vol. 88, 4 aprile 2011, pp. 1–972, DOI:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. URL consultato il 6 giugno 2023.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàThesaurus BNCF 26752 · LCCN (EN) sh85018029 · BNF (FR) cb12256792p (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007292679305171 · NDL (EN, JA) 00939695
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