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Enrico di Orange-Nassau

Principe Enrico
Principe dei Paesi Bassi
Principe di Orange-Nassau
Stemma
Stemma
NascitaPalazzo Soestdijk, 13 giugno 1820
MorteCastello di Walferdange, 14 gennaio 1879
PadreGuglielmo II dei Paesi Bassi
MadreAnna Pavlovna di Russia
Coniugiprincipessa Amalia di Sassonia-Weimar-Eisenach
principessa Maria di Prussia

Guglielmo Federico Enrico di Orange-Nassau (Baarn, 13 giugno 1820Walferdingen, 13 gennaio 1879) è stato un ammiraglio olandese, membro del casato di Orange-Nassau.

Biografia

Era il terzogenito di re Guglielmo II dei Paesi Bassi e di Anna Pavlovna Romanova; Enrico apparteneva al casato reale olandese degli Orange-Nassau e fu sempre molto orgoglioso della sua discendenza da Guglielmo I d'Orange, che liberò i Paesi Bassi dagli spagnoli.

Enrico, che ricevette la nominale reggenza del Lussemburgo da suo padre Guglielmo II, decise di intraprendere la carriera militare come ufficiale di marina; nel 1845 ricevette il grado nominale di capitano di vascello della Marina Olandese, e si dedicò all'amministrazione delle colonie olandesi in Indonesia, dimostrandosi un governatore abile e coscienzioso, soprattutto molto liberale e diplomatico nelle relazioni; intrattenne inoltre negoziati segreti con gli inglesi per acquistare all'Olanda la Malaysia e vendere alla Gran Bretagna l'Isola di Giacarta, ma questi negoziati furono fatti fallire dal governo olandese.

Di temperamento focoso che spesso sfociava nella violenza, aveva dichiarato che non si sarebbe mai sposato, ma fu convinto a sposarsi da suo fratello Guglielmo, che non aveva discendenza; sposò infatti il 20 maggio 1853 la principessina Amalia di Sassonia-Weimar-Eisenach, figlia del duca Bernardo; Amalia rimase tanto colpita dal brutto aspetto di Enrico e dalle sue maniere rudi e dal suo parlare talvolta scurrile, da non voler mai avere a che fare con il marito, vivendo in compagnia di suo suocera Anna Pavlovna a L'Aia, mentre suo marito, insignito del grado di commodoro, intraprendeva un viaggio in nave intorno al mondo con una piccola flotta, viaggio che durò due anni, ma fu condizionato da lunghissimi scali nei porti internazionali: la flotta si fermò infatti per tre mesi nel porto di New Orléans; a causa di questa sua bizzarria, Enrico fu soprannominato "Il Navigatore".

Dopo la morte di sua moglie Amalia, avvenuta nel 1872, dalla quale non aveva mai avuto figli, Enrico si stabilì a Santiago del Cile, completamente indifferente alla crisi del Lussemburgo, in seguito alla quale esso venne assegnato al casato di Nassau-Weilburg; Enrico, notevolmente alcolizzato, pur non essendo incline al matrimonio si distingueva per la sua inclinazione al libertinaggio; frequentava infatti spessissimo ballerine e cantanti, avendo tra il 1862 e il 1875 sedici figlie da una di questa, la giovanissima adolescente quattordicenne Beatrice Agazzi (1848-1876), di origini italiane; era stato inoltre amante di Maria Carolina di Battenberg[senza fonte] (dalla quale aveva avuto otto figli illegittimi) e di Maria Anna di Anhalt, moglie del principe Federico Carlo di Prussia, che stanco degli adulteri della moglie diede in sposa sua figlia, Maria di Prussia (1855-1888) ad Enrico nel 1878; la coppia non ebbe figli, ma Maria andò incontro a tre aborti in due anni; essendo tutti i figli di Enrico illegittimi, furono tutti esclusi dalla successione al trono olandese; nel 1877 aveva ricevuto il grado di ammiraglio.[senza fonte]

Ascendenza

Genitori Nonni Bisnonni Trisnonni
Guglielmo V di Orange-Nassau Guglielmo IV di Orange-Nassau  
 
Anna di Hannover  
Guglielmo I dei Paesi Bassi  
Guglielmina di Prussia Augusto Guglielmo di Prussia  
 
Luisa Amalia di Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel  
Guglielmo II dei Paesi Bassi  
Federico Guglielmo II di Prussia Augusto Guglielmo di Prussia  
 
Luisa Amalia di Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel  
Guglielmina di Prussia  
Federica Luisa d'Assia-Darmstadt Luigi IX d'Assia-Darmstadt  
 
Carolina del Palatinato-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld  
Enrico di Orange-Nassau  
Pietro III di Russia Carlo Federico di Holstein-Gottorp  
 
Anna Petrovna Romanova  
Paolo I di Russia  
Caterina II di Russia Cristiano Augusto di Anhalt-Zerbst  
 
Giovanna di Holstein-Gottorp  
Anna Pavlovna Romanova  
Federico II Eugenio di Württemberg Carlo I Alessandro di Württemberg  
 
Maria Augusta di Thurn und Taxis  
Sofia Dorotea di Württemberg  
Federica Dorotea di Brandeburgo-Schwedt Federico Guglielmo di Brandeburgo-Schwedt  
 
Sofia Dorotea di Prussia  
 

Onorificenze

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN35528063 · ISNI (EN0000 0000 6681 8922 · CERL cnp00532698 · LCCN (ENn85190638 · GND (DE129175854 · J9U (ENHE987007262407205171

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