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Lingua shona

Shona
chiShona
Parlato inZimbabwe (bandiera) Zimbabwe
Botswana (bandiera) Botswana
Malawi (bandiera) Malawi
Zambia (bandiera) Zambia
Sudafrica (bandiera) Sudafrica
Locutori
Totale10,9 milioni (Ethnologue, 2022)
Classifica78 (2007)
Altre informazioni
TipoSVO
Tassonomia
FilogenesiNiger-Congo
 Congo-Atlantico
  Volta-Congo
   Benue-Congo
    bantoidi
     bantoidi meridionali
      bantu
       bantu centrali
        S
         shona
Codici di classificazione
ISO 639-1sn
ISO 639-2sna
ISO 639-3sna (EN)
Glottologcore1255 (EN) e shon1251 (EN)
Linguasphere99-AUT-a
Estratto in lingua
Dichiarazione universale dei diritti umani, art. 1
Vanhu vese vanoberekwa vakasununguka uyewo vakaenzana pahunhu nekodzero dzavo. Vanhu vese vanechipo chokufunga nekuziva chakaipa nechakanaka saka vanofanira kubatana nomweya wohusahwira.

Lo shona (nome originale chiShona) è una lingua bantu dell'Africa meridionale. Al 2022, è parlata da 10,9 milioni di parlanti totali[1].

Distribuzione geografica

La lingua shona viene parlata principalmente nella parte centro-orientale dello Zimbabwe, oltre che da alcune minoranze in Zambia, Sudafrica, Malawi e Botswana;[2] i locutori erano circa 10,8 milioni di parlanti nativi, secondo dati del 2000-2007 e includendo i dialetti principali. Gran parte dei parlanti è dunque formata da madrelingua. Lo shona è una delle lingue ufficiali dello Zimbabwe[3] insieme con altre lingue come lo ndebele; è inoltre la più importante per numero di parlanti. Viene usata inoltre come lingua franca da circa 1,8 milioni di parlanti di altre lingue della regione.

Classificazione

All'interno del gruppo delle lingue bantu viene classificata nel sottogruppo delle lingue shona (S10), che comprende altre parlate simili. La base della lingua standard proviene dalle parlate dialettali zezuru e karanga, a loro volta suddivise in numerosi sottodialetti; un altro dialetto molto importante è il korekore. Si registra un certo grado di mutua comprensibilità con le lingue ndau e manyika, parlate in Zimbabwe e nel Mozambico centrale, che vengono a volte considerate delle varianti dialettali dello shona.[4]

Sistema di scrittura

Lo shona viene scritto con un alfabeto latino,[5] introdotto all'inizio del XX secolo e utilizzato per la scrittura della prima novella in shona, Feso di Solomon Mutswairo, del 1957.[6]

Note

  1. ^ (EN) What are the top 200 most spoken languages?, su Ethnologue, 3 ottobre 2018. URL consultato il 27 maggio 2022.
  2. ^ (EN) LLmap - lingua shona[collegamento interrotto].
  3. ^ (EN) CIA - The World Factbook Archiviato il 16 aprile 2020 in Internet Archive. - Zimbabwe.
  4. ^ (EN) New Updated Guthrie List online Archiviato il 7 giugno 2013 in Internet Archive..
  5. ^ (EN) UCLA Language Materials Project - shona Archiviato il 28 aprile 2013 in Internet Archive..
  6. ^ (EN) Omniglot - lingua shona.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàThesaurus BNCF 74747 · LCCN (ENsh85121756 · GND (DE4326191-7 · BNF (FRcb119368573 (data) · J9U (ENHE987007538957605171 · NDL (ENJA00572248

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