Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Studio sui Cirripedi

Lo studio sui Cirripedi, condotto da Charles Darwin tra il 1846 e il 1854, rappresenta un contributo fondamentale alla tassonomia e alla biologia evolutiva del XIX secolo. Questo lavoro si colloca tra la stesura dei quaderni sulla trasmutazione delle specie e la pubblicazione di L'origine delle specie (1859), e spesso è stato interpretato come una digressione rispetto alle sue riflessioni sull'evoluzione.[1] Tuttavia, contestualizzato all'interno degli interessi giovanili di Darwin, come gli studi sugli invertebrati marini durante il periodo di Edimburgo e il viaggio a bordo del Beagle, lo studio sui Cirripedi appare meno anomalo e più coerente con le sue indagini scientifiche.[1]

Contesto e motivazioni

Darwin sviluppò il suo interesse per la zoologia degli invertebrati grazie all'influenza di Robert Edmond Grant durante gli anni universitari. Successivamente, durante il viaggio del Beagle, osservò e raccolse numerosi organismi marini.[1] Nel 1835, nelle isole Chonos al largo del Cile, scoprì un cirripede parassita sepolto in una conchiglia di mollusco. Questo organismo, inizialmente identificato come un membro dei Balanidi, si rivelò unico per la mancanza di guscio e il comportamento parassitario, catturando l'interesse di Darwin.[1]

Il lavoro sui Cirripedi iniziò con l'analisi di un esemplare sudamericano, denominato Cryptophialus minutus. Darwin intendeva inizialmente descrivere solo questa specie anomala, ma il bisogno di confronti lo portò a esaminare numerosi generi, estendendo il progetto a una monografia completa sull'intero sottogruppo.[1]

Contributo alla tassonomia e biologia evolutiva

Lo studio sui Cirripedi permise a Darwin di affrontare temi cruciali per la storia naturale del XIX secolo, utilizzando approcci avanzati come l'embriologia comparata e la morfologia anatomica.[1] Tra i risultati principali:

  • Riorganizzazione sistematica: I Cirripedi, precedentemente classificati come Molluschi da Linneo e Cuvier, furono ricollocati tra gli Artropodi grazie a studi sullo sviluppo larvale, confermando la loro appartenenza ai Crostacei.[1]
  • Applicazione dell'embriologia: Seguendo i principi di Karl Ernst von Baer e Henri Milne-Edwards, Darwin utilizzò l'embriologia per stabilire omologie e relazioni filogenetiche tra specie, dimostrando la discendenza comune attraverso modificazioni evolutive.[1]
  • Scoperta della sessualità nei Cirripedi: Darwin osservò una peculiare organizzazione sessuale, con specie ermafrodite che ospitavano maschi complementari, fornendo un esempio unico di transizione evolutiva da ermafroditismo a sessi distinti.[1]
  • Variazioni intra-specifiche: Il lavoro evidenziò la variabilità morfologica all'interno delle specie, anticipando le sue riflessioni sull'origine e il concetto di specie.[1]

Pubblicazione

Lo studio fu pubblicato in diversi volumi:

  • Cirripedi viventi
    • Living Cirripedia, A monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes, vol. 1, 1851.
    • Living Cirripedia, The Balanidæ, (or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, vol. 2, 1854.
  • Cirripedi fossili
    • Fossil Cirripedia of Great Britain: A monograph on the fossil Lepadidae, or pedunculated cirripedes of Great Britain, vol. 1, 1851.
    • A monograph on the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ of Great Britain, vol. 2, 1854.

Impatto e riconoscimenti

Le monografie di Darwin, Living Cirripedia (1851 e 1854), fornirono una revisione tassonomica che rimase un punto di riferimento per decenni.[1] La meticolosità del suo lavoro gli valse, nel 1853, la Medaglia Reale della Royal Society di Londra.[1] Questo studio non solo affinò le sue competenze in anatomia comparata e nomenclatura scientifica, ma costituì un banco di prova per le sue idee evolutive, dimostrando la potenza esplicativa della teoria della discendenza con modificazioni.[1]

Eredità scientifica

Lo studio sui Cirripedi rappresenta un esempio paradigmatico del metodo scientifico di Darwin, che integrava osservazioni dettagliate con solide basi teoriche.[1] Il suo lavoro influenzò profondamente la sistematica e la biologia evolutiva, anticipando molte delle tematiche sviluppate ne L'origine delle specie.[1]

Edizioni

  • (EN) Charles Darwin, A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes, vol. 1, London, The Ray Society, 1851.
  • (EN) Charles Darwin, A monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Balanidæ, (or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. etc. etc., vol. 2, London, The Ray Society, 1854.
  • (EN) Charles Darwin, A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or pedunculated cirripedes of Great Britain, vol. 1, London, Palæontographical Society, 1851.
  • (EN) Charles Darwin, A monograph on the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ of Great Britain, vol. 2, London, Palæontographical Society, 1854.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Richmond

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Read other articles:

Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Novembro de 2021) Escudo da Noruega. O escritório do primeiro-ministro fica no topo (17° andar) do prédio conhecido como Høyblokka. Esta é a lista dos primeiros-ministros (statsminister) da Noruega. Até 1873, o rei da Suécia e Norue...

 

Lista światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO w Australii – lista miejsc w Australii wpisanych na listę światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO, ustanowionej na mocy Konwencji w sprawie ochrony światowego dziedzictwa kulturowego i naturalnego, przyjętej przez UNESCO na 17. sesji w Paryżu 16 listopada 1972[1] i ratyfikowanej przez Australię 22 sierpnia 1974 roku[2]. Obecnie (stan na rok 2022) na liście znajduje się 20 obiektów: 4 dziedzictwa kulturowego, 12 o charakterze przyrodniczym i 4 o charakterz...

 

Ваджрасаттва, тханка Ваджрасаттва тримає ваджру у правій руці і дзвоник у лівій. Ця стаття стосується темиБуддизм Історія Хронологія Будда Ранній буддизм Собори[en] Поширення буддизму Шовковим шляхом[en] Буддійський модернізм Концепт[en] Чотири Благородні Істини Вісімков�...

Overview of and topical guide to the Democratic Republic of the Congo See also: Index of Democratic Republic of the Congo-related articles The Flag of the Democratic Republic of the CongoThe Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo The location of the Democratic Republic of the Congo An enlargeable map of the Democratic Republic of the Congo The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Democratic Republic of the Con...

 

يشير مصطلح الخيال التأملي إلى أي قصة خيالية تتضمن عناصر وإعدادات وشخصيات تتميز بصفات بعيدة عن التخيل البشري والفكري بدلا من الاستناد على الحياة الواقعية.[1][2][3] وهناك أنواع بارزة من الخيال التأملي، تشتمل على الخيال العلمي والخيال التصوري والخيال المرعب، وعادة...

 

Опис Пам'ятна дошка, встановлена в Чернівцях на Центральній площі біля входу в Літературне кафе книжкового магазину Українська книга Джерело власна робота Час створення 2011 Автор зображення Веренко Я.Г. Ліцензія Цей твір поширюється на умовах ліцензії Creative Commons Attribution-...

サブマージアーク溶接による溶接ビード。円筒の周を溶接するために、母材を横倒しにした後回転させている。 サブマージアーク溶接(サブマージアークようせつ、英語: submerged arc welding、略称:SAW)とは、アーク溶接の一種で、粒状のフラックス(融剤)と溶接ワイヤを使用する溶接である。具体的には、溶接部に沿ってフラックスを供給(弁を開くと自重で出てく...

 

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (سبتمبر 2023) إدارة المتنزهات الوطنية إدارة المتنزهات الوطنية تفاصيل الوكالة الحكومية الب�...

 

Chiolokcha (ru) Шё́локша Église de la Trinité de Chiolokcha. Administration Pays Russie Région économique Volga-Viatka District fédéral Volga Sujet fédéral Oblast de Nijni Novgorod Raïon Raïon de Kstovo Municipalité Selsoviet de Tchernoukha Code postal 607672 Code OKATO 22237848015 Code OKTMO 22637448171 Démographie Population 2 254 hab. (2010) Géographie Coordonnées 56° 04′ 24″ nord, 44° 08′ 38″ est Altitude 98 m Fu...

2001 film by Mike Kirton The LibrariansDirected byMike KirtonWritten by William Forsythe Mike Kirton Produced byGreg HauptnerStarring William Forsythe Andrew Divoff Erika Eleniak Christopher Atkins CinematographyGary B. KibbeEdited byRinaldo MarsiliMusic byJohn PrattProductioncompanyGlobal PicturesRelease date December 16, 2003 (2003-12-16) Running time96 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBudget$4 million[1] The Librarians (also known as Strike Force) is a 2003 ...

 

Overview of professional wrestling in India This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: too raw. Please help improve this article if you can. (October 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Professional wrestling is a popular sport in India. The country has a rich history of professional wrestling and many professional wrestlers from India have worked around the world in various promotions. International wrestling promot...

 

Human settlement in EnglandChippingSt Bartholomew's ChurchChippingLocation in Ribble Valley BoroughShow map of the Borough of Ribble ValleyChippingLocation in the Forest of BowlandShow map of the Forest of BowlandChippingLocation within LancashireShow map of LancashirePopulation1,043 (2011 census) [1]OS grid referenceSD623434Civil parishChippingBowland-with-LeagramDistrictRibble ValleyShire countyLancashireRegionNorth WestCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited Ki...

Abbaye Sainte-Marie du Désert Ancien portail de l'abbaye Nom local Le Village de François (depuis 2020) Diocèse Archidiocèse de Toulouse Patronage Sainte-Marie Fondation 1852 Dissolution 2020 Abbaye-mère abbaye Notre-Dame d'Aiguebelle Abbayes-filles San Isidro de Dueñas (es)Viaceli (es) Congrégation Trappistes Période ou style Protection  Inscrit MH (2022) Coordonnées 43° 41′ 35″ nord, 1° 06′ 57″ est[1] Pays France Région Occita...

 

American ice hockey league United States Premier Hockey LeagueSportIce HockeyFounded2012CommissionerBob Turow[1]CountryUnited StatesMost recentchampion(s)P.A.L. Jr. Islanders (NCDC)Northern Cyclones (Premier)Carolina Jr. Hurricanes (Elite)Official websiteUSPHL.com The United States Premier Hockey League (USPHL) is an American ice hockey league. Founded in 2012, the USPHL has grown to over 60 organizations from across the United States fielding teams in the National Collegiate Developm...

 

Video game blog This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: VG247 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The topic of thi...

Komplek Olahraga Samuel Kanyon DoeStadion SKDLokasiPaynesville, LiberiaKapasitas50,000[1]Dibuka1986PemakaiTim nasional sepak bola Liberia Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Stadium (sering disingkat Stadion SKD) adalah stadium serba guna yang merupakan bagian dari Kompleks Olahraga Samuel Kanyon Doe di Paynesville, Liberia, pinggiran ibukota negara Monrovia. Dibangun pada tahun 1986, sebagian besar digunakan untuk pertandingan sepak bola dan memiliki trek atletik, meskipun juga telah digunakan ...

 

Ayam pelungAyam pelung jantanNegara asal IndonesiaKarakteristikBeratJantan: 5-6 kgKlasifikasi Ayam pelung adalah ras ayam lokal unggul dari daerah Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Berbeda dengan kebanyakan biakan ayam yang diseleksi untuk penampilan fisik, ayam pelung diseleksi karena suara kokokannya yang panjang dan memiliki lagu, seperti ayam ketawa dan ayam Berg. Tentu saja hanya ayam jantan yang memiliki sifat ini. Nama ayam pelung berasal dari istilah dalam Bahasa Sunda yaitu mawelung yang mem...

 

British singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist (born 1971) For the Swedish airfield, see Gimo Air Base. For the Polish radio station, see Radio Eska. For the awards ceremony, see Eska Awards. EskaBackground informationBirth nameEska MtungwaziBorn1971 (age 51–52)OriginLewisham, London, EnglandGenresFolk, soul, jazz, danceOccupation(s)Singer-songwriter, record producer, session musicianInstrument(s)Vocals, guitar, violin, pianoYears active1998–presentLabelsEarthling Recordings...

2021 studio album by Esperanza SpaldingSongwrights Apothecary LabStudio album by Esperanza SpaldingReleasedSeptember 24, 2021Recorded2021GenreJazzLength60:47LabelConcordProducer Esperanza Spalding Corey King Phoelix Raphael Saadiq Esperanza Spalding chronology 12 Little Spells(2018) Songwrights Apothecary Lab(2021) Live at the Detroit Jazz Festival(2022) Singles from Songwrights Apothecary Lab Formwela 4Released: June 11, 2021 Formwela 5Released: June 18, 2021 Formwela 6Released: June...

 

Calendar used in Revolutionary France from 1793 to 1805 French Republican Calendar of 1794, drawn by Philibert-Louis Debucourt The French Republican calendar (French: calendrier républicain français), also commonly called the French Revolutionary calendar (calendrier révolutionnaire français), was a calendar created and implemented during the French Revolution, and used by the French government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days by the Paris Commune in 1871, and me...

 
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya