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Yalı

Yalı di Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha a Kandilli, Üsküdar, sulla sponda anatolica del Bosforo.

Lo yalı (in turco yalı, dal greco γιαλή yialí (moderno γιαλός yialós), letteralmente "mare, spiaggia"[1]) è una casa o un palazzo costruito vicino al mare (quasi esclusivamente sul mare, in particolare sullo stretto del Bosforo a Istanbul) e di solito realizzata con un concetto architettonico che tiene conto delle caratteristiche della località costiera. Una famiglia che possedeva una residenza in riva al mare trascorreva un po' di tempo in questa residenza, solitamente secondaria, situata in riva al mare, in contrasto con il konak ("villa", a parte l'uso del termine per riferirsi a edifici con funzioni amministrative) o il köşk (" padiglione", che spesso serve a un determinato scopo pratico, come la caccia, o che implica un uso temporaneo). Così, andare allo "yalı" acquisiva il senso di andare sia al mare che alla casa lì situata. Nel suo senso contemporaneo, il termine "yalı" è usato principalmente per indicare la quantità totale di 620 residenze sull'acqua, per lo più risalenti al XIX secolo (alcune risalgono al XVIII secolo e alcune all'inizio del XX secolo), sparse lungo il Bosforo a Istanbul. In quanto tali, costituiscono uno dei punti di riferimento della zona.[2]

Yağlıkçı Hacı Reşit Bey Yalısı e Prenses Rukiye Yalısı a Kanlıca, Beykoz, sulla sponda anatolica del Bosforo.

Il legno finemente lavorato era il materiale da costruzione predominante scelto per le yalı, come lo era per la maggior parte delle case tradizionali turche. I restauri successivi hanno spesso causato una graduale riduzione delle parti lignee dell'intera struttura, ma il legno rimane comunque il materiale prominente e identificativo degli yalı storici. Non è raro che le dimore più recentemente restaurate impieghino il legno principalmente per scopi di decorazione esterna.

Yalı di Ahmet Afif Pasha a Yeniköy, Sarıyer, sulla sponda europea del Bosforo, progettato da Alexander Vallaury.

Il più antico yalı sopravvissuto è quello costruito dal gran visir Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pascià (della famiglia Köprülü altamente influente) nel 1699 nel quartiere di Kanlıca (all'interno del distretto di Beykoz), sulle rive asiatiche del Bosforo. Di questo yalı, la sala delle udienze (divanhane) e i suoi immediati annessi sono sopravvissuti. Sulle sponde europee opposte, il più antico rimasto è lo "Şerifler Yalısı" nel quartiere Emirgan (nel distretto di Sarıyer), costruito nel 1780 ma che porta il nome di un proprietario successivo. Lo yalı più costoso è "Erbilgin Yalısı" situato a Yeniköy. Nel 2007, la rivista Forbes ha elencato "Erbilgin Yalısı" come la quinta casa più costosa del mondo con un prezzo di 100 milioni di dollari.[3]

Cornucopia, una rivista sulle arti, la cultura e la storia della Turchia, ha una rubrica regolare sugli yalı del Bosforo, sulla loro architettura e sui loro interni.[4] Notevoli inclusioni sono state lo Yalı di Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha,[5] lo Yalı di Ethem Pertev,[6] lo Yalı di Saffet Pasha,[7] e lo Yalı di Zeki Pasha.[8]

Galleria d'immagini

Note

  1. ^ Yali, su etimolojiturkce.com.
  2. ^ Carlotta Gall, Otomoman palaces on the Bosphorus, in The New York Times, 31 ottobre 2019. URL consultato il 31 ottobre 2019.
  3. ^ Forbes, su Forbes.com. URL consultato il 31 ottobre 2020 (archiviato dall'url originale il 20 ottobre 2012).
  4. ^ Cornucopia, su Cornucopia.net.
  5. ^ A Turkish Summer, su Cornucopia.net.
  6. ^ A Beauty on the Bosphorus, su Cornucopia.net.
  7. ^ The Abstract Heart, su Cornucopia.net.
  8. ^ The Republic, su Cornucopia.net.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàLCCN (ENsh2016001326 · J9U (ENHE987007396300705171

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