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努力呼吸

努力呼吸（どりょくこきゅう、英: labored breathing or labored respiration）とは、呼吸補助筋の使用、吸気性喘鳴（stridor）（英語版）、呻吟、鼻翼呼吸など、呼吸しようとする努力が増大している徴候を特徴とする異常な呼吸である[1]。

定義

努力呼吸は、息苦しさの感覚ではなく、身体症状である点で、息切れ、ないしは呼吸困難とは区別される。

しかし、多くの場合[2]、呼吸困難は単に呼吸が難しいことと定義され、それ以上の特定はなく、努力呼吸や頻呼吸（英語版）などと混同される可能性がある[3]。努力呼吸は呼吸困難の定義に含まれることもある[4]。しかしながら、標準的な定義では、これらの関連する徴候は同時にあってよいが、必ずしも同時にあるとは限らない。

例えば、呼吸筋の不全による呼吸停止では、患者は意識があれば呼吸困難を自覚することがあるが、努力呼吸や頻呼吸があるとは限らない。逆に、呼吸困難がなくても、自発的に努力呼吸や頻呼吸をすることもある。

症状

新生児の呼吸困難の一般的な徴候である陥没呼吸[5]

努力呼吸の症状は以下の通り

原因

努力呼吸の原因には以下が含まれる。

出典

  1. ^ TheFreeDictionary > labored breathing Retrieved on Dec 12, 2009
  2. ^ TheFreeDictionary, retrieved on Dec 12, 2009. Citing:
    • The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009.
    • Ologies & -Isms. The Gale Group 2008
  3. ^ West JB (2008). Pulmonary pathophysiology: the essentials (7 ed.). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 45 
  4. ^ Definition of Dyspnea Archived 2014-07-01 at the Wayback Machine. MedicineNet. Last Editorial Review: 11/1/1998]
  5. ^ a b Levene, Malcolm I.; David Ian Tudehope; Michael John Thearle (2000). Essentials of neonatal medicine. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 28. ISBN 0-632-05163-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=FHXtDkLzOHEC 
  6. ^ UpToDate >Patient information: Croup in infants and children Charles R Woods, MD, MS. Last literature review version 17.3: September 2009
  7. ^ a b “鼻翼呼吸｜は行｜ぜん息の用語集｜ぜん息基礎知識｜ぜん息などの情報館｜大気環境・ぜん息などの情報館｜独立行政法人環境再生保全機構”. www.erca.go.jp. 2024年8月9日閲覧。
  8. ^ a b “Labored Respiration”. Medilexicon Medical Dictionary. 2011年11月3日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2009年12月12日閲覧。

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