Ars (artis, f.) est disciplina vel operandi modus(en), partim translaticius partimque novatus, qui nihil est nisi facultas longae actionum praecipuarum seriei exsequendi ut finis quidam attingatur. Sensu stricto, ars contracta est in quadam habilitate, sed, latiore sensu, omnes vias modosque rerum bene agendarum comprehendit.
Olim omnes artes in artes liberales et artes illiberales divisae sunt. Artes sic liberales appellabantur quae hominibus liberis discendi aptae censebantur, sed per aetates, notio de eo quod hominibus liberis aptum est aliquanto mutavit; et, ut exempla infra data monstrant, multae novae artes hominibus liberis dignae tandem excogitatae sunt, quae inter artes liberales a maioribus posteris traditas non censentur. Illae bellae artes praecipue ad operis artifices pulchritudinem coluntur. Artes ingeniariae, ex contrario, sine fine aesthetico, ortae sunt praecipue ad propositum oeconomicumscientificumque.
Zegher, Catherine de, ed. 1996. Inside the Visible. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: MIT Press.
Bibliographia addita
Armstrong, Carol. et Catherine de Zegher, eds. 2006. Women Artists at the Millennium. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: October Books / The MIT Press. ISBN 026201226X.
Augros, Robert M., et George N. Stanciu. 1984. The New Story of Science: mind and the universe. Lake Bluff Illinoesiae: Regnery Gateway. ISBN 0-89526-833-7.
Botar, Oliver A. I. 2006. Technical Detours: The Early Moholy-Nagy Reconsidered. Art Gallery of The Graduate Center, The City University of New York et The Salgo Trust for Education. ISBN 978-1599713571.
Briant, Antony, et Griselda Pollock, eds. 2010. Digital and Other Virtualities: Renegotiating the image. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: I. B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1441676313.
Burguete, Maria, et Lui Lam, eds. 2011. Arts: A Science Matter. Singapurae: World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-4324-93-9.
Croce, Benedetto. 2002. Aesthetic as Science of Expression and General Linguistic.
Dombois, Florian, Ute Meta Bauer, Claudia Mareis, et Michael Schwab, eds. 2012. Intellectual Birdhouse. Artistic Practice as Research. Londinii: Koening Books. ISBN 978-3863351182.
Kleiner, Gardner, Mamiya, et Tansey. 2004. Art Through the Ages, Twelfth Edition, 2 voll. Wadsworth. ISBN 0-534-64095-8 (vol. 1), et ISBN 0-534-64091-5 (vol, 2).
Stiles, Kristine, et Peter Selz, eds. 1986. Theories and Documents of Contemporary Art. Berkeleiae: University of California Press.
Tatarkiewicz, Władysław. 1980. A History of Six Ideas: an Essay in Aesthetics, conversus ex Polonico a Christophere Kasparek. Hagae: Martinus Nijhoff.
Wollheim, Richard. 1968. Art and its Objects: An Introduction to Aesthetics. Novi Eboraci: Harper & Row. OCLC 1077405.