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Aldebaran

Aldebaran

Kedudukan Aldebaran dalam buruj Taurus.
Data cerapan
Epok J2000.0      Ekuinoks J2000.0
Buruj Taurus
Jarak hamal 04j 35m 55.239s[1]
Keserongan +16° 30′ 33.49″[1]
Magnitud ketara (V)0.75-0.95
Ciri-ciri
Jenis spektrum K5III[1]
Magnitud ketara (J) -2.10[1]
U−B indeks warna 1.90
B−V indeks warna 1.54
Jenis bolehubah LB
Astrometri
Halaju jejarian (Rv)+54.26 ±0.03[1] km/s
Gerakan wajar (μ) RA: 62.78 ±0.89[1] mas/thn
Dec.: −189.35 ±0.58[1] mas/thn
Paralaks (π)50.09 ± 0.95 mas
Jarak65 ± 1 tc
(20 ± 0.4 pc)
Magnitud mutlak (MV)−0.63
Perincian
Jisim1.7[2] M
Jejari44.2 ± 0.9[3] R
Kekilauan518 ± 32[4] L
Graviti permukaan (log g)1.59[4] cgs
Suhu3,910[4] K
Kelogaman70% Sun[2]
Kelogaman [Fe/H]–0.34[4] dex
Putaran643 days[5]
Penamaan lain
87 Tauri, Alpha Tauri, BD +16°629, GJ 171.1, GJ 9159, HD 29139, HIP 21421, HR 1457, SAO 94027
Rujukan pangkalan data
SIMBADdata
ARICNSdata

Aldebaran (α Tau, α Tauri, Alpha Tauri) ialah bintang gergasi merah yang terletak 65 tahun cahaya dalam buruj Taurus. Dengan magnitud purata 0.87, ia merupakan bintang paling cerah pada langit malam. Nama "Aldebaran" datang dari perkataan Arab الدبران ("al-dabaran") yang secara harfiah bermaksud "pengikut", mungkin kerana bintang cerah ini kelihatan mengikut gugusan bintang Pleiades, atau gugusan bintang terbuka Seven Sisters ("Tujuh Gadis Bersaudara").[2]

Sebuah rakan subnajam dilaporkan pada tahun 1997 tetapi tidak dapat ditetapakan oleh pemerhatian berikutnya.

Ciri fizikal

Perbandingan saiz antara Aldebaran dan Suria.

Aldebaran diklasifikasikan sebagai bintang jenis K5III. Ia bintang gergasi jingga yang meninggalkan garisan utama gambar rajah Hertzsprung–Russell. Ia sudah menghabiskan bahan bakar hidrogen terasnya dan lakuran hidrogen sudah terhenti. Mahupun kepanasannya tidak membenarkan lakuran helium, suhu bahagian teras bintang ini meningkat disebabkan tekanan graviti dan ia berkembang kepada garis pusat yang 44.2 akli lebih besar daripada garis pusat Matahari,[3][6] sekitar 61 juta kilometres (lihat 10 gigametre bagi saiz seakan). Satelit Hipparcos mengukur kejauhannya sejauh 65.1 tahun cahaya (20.0 pc), dan ia bercahaya dengan tahap 425 kali kekilauan Suria.[2]

Kebolehlihatan

Aldebaran ialah satu daripada bintang yang senang dicari di langit malam, disebabkan kecerahannya dan juga hubungan relatifnya dengan asterisme (fenomena sinaran cahaya berbentuk sinar atau bintang yang ditunjukkan oleh hablur tertentu bila dilihat pada cahaya terpantul seperti yang ditunjuk oleh batu nilam atau mineral mika.)[7] langit. Ia menjejak tiga bintang gugusan tali pinggang Belantik (Orion) dari kiri ke kanan (di Hemisfera Utara) atau dari kanan ke kiri (hemisfera Selatan); bintang pertama yang meneruskan garisan itu ialah Aldebaran.

Aldebaran berkedudukan dekat dengan ekliptik bagi hijaban Bulan. Hijaban sedemikian boleh berlaku apabila nod menaik Bulan berdekatan dengan ekuiniks musim luruh. Fenomena ini akan berlaku pada tahun 2015. Garis pusat Aldebaran yang agak tepat diperoleh semasa hijaban yang berlaku pada 22 September 1978.[8] Aldebaran kesebarisan deng Suria pada lingkungan 1 Jun setiap tahun.[9]

Rujukan

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "V* alf Tau -- Variable Star". SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Dicapai pada 2009-12-16.
  2. ^ a b c d James B. Kaler (May 22, 2009). "Aldebaran". Stars. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2010-01-10. Dicapai pada 2009-12-20. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)
  3. ^ a b Richichi, A.; Roccatagliata, V. (2005). "Aldebaran's angular diameter: How well do we know it?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 433 (1): 305–312. arXiv:astro-ph/0502181. Bibcode:2005A&A...433..305R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041765. We derive an average value of 19.96±0.03 milliarcsec for the uniform disk diameter. The corresponding limb-darkened value is 20.58±0.03 milliarcsec, or 44.2±0.9 R.
  4. ^ a b c d Piau, L.; dll. (2011), "Surface convection and red-giant radius measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 526: A100, arXiv:1010.3649, Bibcode:2011A&A...526A.100P, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014442 Unknown parameter |month= ignored (bantuan)
  5. ^ Koncewicz, R.; Jordan (2007), "OI line emission in cool stars: calculations using partial redistribution", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 374 (1): 220–231, Bibcode:2007MNRAS.374..220K, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11130.x Unknown parameter |month= ignored (bantuan); |first4= missing |last4= (bantuan)
  6. ^ Richichi & Roccatagliata (2005) derived an angular diameter of 20.58±0.03 milliarcsec, which given a distance of 65 light years yields a diameter of 61 million km.
  7. ^ Takrif DBP
  8. ^ White, N. M. (June, 1979). "Lunar occultation of the Hyades and diameters of Alpha Tauri and Theta-1 Tauri". The Astronomical Journal. 84: 872–876. Bibcode:1979AJ.....84..872W. doi:10.1086/112489. Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  9. ^ Star Maps created using XEphem (Output generated for 2008). "LASCO Star Maps (identify objects in the field of view for any day of the year)". Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment (LASCO). Dicapai pada 2012-06-01. Check date values in: |date= (bantuan) 2012 (with Venus and Mercury) and 2011

Pautan luar

Koordinat: Peta langit 04h 35m 55.2s, +16° 30′ 33″

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