|
Bahasa-bahasa Dravidia
Templat:Otheruses2
Bahasa-bahasa Dravidia mengandungi sekurang-kurangnya 73 buah bahasa[1] yang dituturkan di Selatan India dan timur laut Sri Lanka, serta sesetangah kawasan di Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, timur India, dan tangah India, serta bahagian di Afghanistan dan Iran, dan negara-negara seperti UK, AS, Kanada, Malaysia, dan Singapura.
Nombor
| Number
|
Bahasa Tamil
|
Bahasa Telugu
|
Bahasa Kannada
|
Bahasa Tulu
|
Bahasa Malayalam
|
Bahasa Kurukh
|
Bahasa Kolami
|
Bahasa Brahui
|
Bahasa Proto-Dravidia
|
| 1
|
onru
|
okaṭi
|
ondu
|
onji
|
onnu
|
oṇṭa
|
okkod
|
asiṭ
|
*oru(1)
|
| 2
|
iraṇṭu
|
renḍu
|
eraḍu
|
raḍḍu
|
randu
|
indiŋ
|
irāṭ
|
irāṭ
|
*iru(2)
|
| 3
|
mūnru
|
mūḍu
|
mūru
|
mūji
|
mūnnu
|
mūnd
|
mūndiŋ
|
musiṭ
|
*muC
|
| 4
|
nālu, nālku, nānku
|
nālugu
|
nālku
|
nālu
|
nālu
|
nākh
|
nāliŋ
|
čār (II)
|
*nāl
|
| 5
|
aintu
|
ayidu
|
aidu
|
ainu
|
añcu
|
pancē (II)
|
ayd(3)
|
panč (II)
|
*cayN
|
| 6
|
āru
|
āru
|
āru
|
āji
|
āru
|
soyyē (II)
|
ār(3)
|
šaš (II)
|
*caru
|
| 7
|
ēẓu
|
ēḍu
|
ēlu
|
ēlu
|
ēẓu
|
sattē (II)
|
ēḍ(3)
|
haft (II)
|
*eẓu
|
| 8
|
eṭṭu
|
enimidi
|
eṇṭu
|
ēṇma
|
eṭṭu
|
aṭṭhē (II)
|
enumadī (3)
|
hašt (II)
|
*eṭṭu
|
| 9
|
onpatu
|
tommidi
|
ombattu
|
ormba
|
onpatu
|
naiṃyē (II)
|
tomdī (3)
|
nōh (II)
|
*toḷ
|
| 10
|
pattu
|
padi
|
hattu
|
pattu
|
pathu
|
dassē (II)
|
padī (3)
|
dah (II)
|
*pat(tu)
|
- This is the same as another word meaning "one" in another sense in Tamil and Malayalam - the distinction is as between Spanish "un" and "uno".
- This is still found in compound words, and has taken on a meaning of "double" in Tamil and Malayalam. For example, irupatu (20, literally meaning "double-ten") or "iraṭṭi" ("double") or Iruvar (meaning two people).
- Kolami numbers 5-10 are borrowed from Telugu
Lihat juga
Templat:LangSA
Catatan
Rujukan
- Caldwell, R., A comparative grammar of the Dravidian, or, South-Indian family of languages, London: Harrison, 1856.; Reprinted London, K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & co., ltd., 1913; rev. ed. by J.L. Wyatt and T. Ramakrishna Pillai, Madras, University of Madras, 1961, reprint Asian Educational Services, 1998. ISBN 81-206-0117-3
- Campbell, A.D., A grammar of the Teloogoo language, commonly termed the Gentoo, peculiar to the Hindoos inhabiting the northeastern provinces of the Indian peninsula, 3d ed. Madras, Printed at the Hindu Press, 1849.
- Krishnamurti, B., The Dravidian Languages, Cambridge University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-521-77111-0
- Subrahmanyam, P.S., Dravidian Comparative Phonology, Annamalai University, 1983.
- Zvelebil, Kamil., Dravidian Linguistics: An Introduction", PILC (Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture), 1990
- Zvelebil, Kamil., Tamil Literature, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1975, ISBN 90-04-04190-7
- Kuiper, F.B.J., Aryans in the Rig Veda", Rodopi, 1991, ISBN 90-5183-307-5 (CIP)
- Witzel, Michael, Early Sources for South Asian Substrate Languages.Boston, "Mother Tongue", extra number 1999[1]
- Trask, Robert Lawrence (2000). The Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 1579582184.
Pautan luar
|
|
