|
Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha (bahasa Inggeris: House of The People, "Dewan Rakyat") ialah dewan rendah Parlimen India. Ahli-ahli dewan ini diundi secara umum dengan suatu sistem undian pemenang undi terbanyak yang memberikan perwakilan mereka terhadap kawasan yang diberikan selama lima tahun atau sehingga dewan ini dibubuarkan Presiden atas nasihat Majlis Menteri Kesatuan. Dewan ini bersidang di bahagian Lok Sabha Bangunan Parlimen di New Delhi.
Peranan
Lok Sabha mempunyai beberapa tanggungjawab tertentu yang menjadikan ia lebih berkuasa daripada Rajya Sabha.
- Undi tidak percaya menentang Pemerintah the government can be introduced dan diluluskan in the Lok Sabha. JIka undian tersebut lulus melalui suatu majoriti, maka Perdana Menteri India serta Majlis Menteri lantikannya meletakkan jawatan sekaligus. Rajya Sabha tiada kuasa terhadap suatu usul sebegini - Perlembagaan India mempertanggungjawabkan Lok Sabha sahaja kepada Majlis Menteri, maka Rajya Sabha tiada kuasa benar terhadap eksekutif.
- Money bills can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha, and upon being lulus, are sent to the Rajya Sabha, where it can be deliberated on for up to 14 days. If not rejected by the Rajya Sabha, or 14 days lapse from the introduction of the bill in the Rajya Sabha without any action by the House, or recommendations made by the Rajya Sabha are not accepted by the Lok Sabha, the bill is considered lulus. The budget is presented in the Lok Sabha by the Finance Minister in the name of the President of India.
- In matters pertaining to non-financial (ordinary) bills, after the bill has been lulus by the House where it was originally tabled (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha), it is sent to the other house, where it may be kept for a maximum period of 6 months. If the other House rejects the bill or a period of 6 months elapses without any action by that House, or the House that originally tabled the bill does not accept the recommendations made by the members of the other house, it results in a deadlock. This is resolved by a joint session of both Houses, presided over by the speaker of the Lok Sabha and decided by a simple majority. Though the Constitution has placed both houses on the same footing in this regard, in reality it is the Lok Sabha's opinions that mostly prevails—due to its bigger numerical strength.
- Setaraf dengan Rajya Sabha dalam memulakan dan meluluskan sebarang Rang Undang-Undang kepada pemindaan Perlembagaan India (oleh majoriti dalam Dewan serta sekurang-kurangnya dua pertiga ahli dewan yang hadir mengundi).
- Setaraf dengan Rajya Sabha dalam memulakan dan meluluskan usul melucutkan jawatan Presiden India (oleh dua pertiga Dewan).
- Setaraf dengan Rajya Sabha dalam melaksanakan proses pelucutan (melalui pemulaan dan pelulusan suatu usul) hakim-hakim dalam Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Tinggi Negeri-Negeri (melalui suaut majoriti DEwan serta sekurang-kurangnya dua pertiga ahli dewan yang hadir mengundi), yang kemudiannya dilucutkan kedudukan mereka oleh Presiden India.
- Setaraf dengan Rajya Sabha yang memulakan dan meluluskan resolusi mengisyitharkan perang atau darurat negara (oleh dua pertiga majoriti) atau konflik berkaitan Perlembagaan (oleh majoriti asas) dalam sesebuah negeri.
- Sekiranya Lok Sabha dibubarkan sebelum atau selepas suatu Darurat Negara diisytiharkan maka Rajya Sabha menjadi badan Parlimen yang tunggal. It cannot be dissolved. This is a limitation on the Lok Sabha. But there is a possibility that president can exceed the term to not more than 1 year under the proclamation of emergency and the same would be lowered down to six-month if the said proclamation ceases to operate.
Perwakilan
Keanggotaan mengikut parti
Keanggotaan Lok Sabha ke-16 (setakat 7 Disember 2018) adalah seperti berikut:[4]
| Perikatan
|
Parti
|
Bil. kerusi
|
Pakatan Demokratik Kebangsaan
Bil. kerusi: 310
|
Parti Bharatiya Janata
|
268
|
| Shiv Sena
|
18
|
| Parti Lok Janshakti
|
6
|
| Shiromani Akali Dal
|
4
|
| Parti Rashtriya Lok Samta
|
3
|
| Apna Dal
|
2
|
| Janata Dal (United)
|
2
|
| Kongres N.R. Se-India
|
1
|
| Parti Progresif Demokrat Nasionalis
|
1
|
| Pattali Makkal Katchi
|
1
|
| Barisan Demokrat Sikkim
|
1
|
| Speaker Dewan, BJP
|
1
|
| Nominated Anglo-Indians, BJP
|
2
|
Perikatan Progresif Bersatu
Bil. kerusi: 53
|
Kongres Kebangsaan India
|
47
|
| Liga Muslim Kesatuan India
|
2
|
| Janata Dal (Sekular)
|
2
|
| Rashtriya Lok Dal
|
1
|
| Parti Sosialis Revolusioner
|
1
|
Perikatan Janata Parivar
Bil. kerusi: 6
|
Rashtriya Janata Dal
|
4
|
| Lok Dal Kebangsaan India
|
2
|
Parti lain
Seats: 157
|
Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Se-India
|
37
|
| Kongres Trinamool Se-India
|
34
|
| Biju Janata Dal
|
19
|
| Parti Desa Telugu
|
16
|
| Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
11
|
| Parti Komunis India (Marxis)
|
9
|
| Parti Samajwadi
|
7
|
| Parti Kongres Nasionalis
|
6
|
| Parti Aam Aadmi
|
4
|
| Parti Kongres YSR
|
4
|
| Barisan Demokratik Bersatu Se-India
|
3
|
| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|
2
|
| Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen Se-India
|
1
|
| Parti Komunis India
|
1
|
| Persidangan Kebangsaan Jammu & Kashmir
|
1
|
| Parti Demokrat Rakyat Jammu dan Kashmir
|
1
|
| Swabhimani Paksha
|
1
|
Lain-lain
Bil.: 3
|
Ahli politik bebas
|
3
|
| Kerusi kosong
|
Anantnag, Ongole, Kadapa, Nellore, Tirupati, Rajampet, Kottayam, Kendrapara, Tura, Katihar, Begusarai, Selatan Bangalore, Dausa, Ladakh, Wayanad dan Kishanganj.
|
16
|
| Jumlah keseluruhan
|
|
545
|
Lihat juga
Rujukan
Pautan luar
|
|
.jpg)
