Rubaiyat Omar Khayyam (Parsi: رباعیات عمر خیام) Rubáiyát (Arab: رباعیات) adalah koleksi puisi indah dalam bahasa Parsi dan terdapat dalam seribu yang ditulis oleh ahli matematik dan astronomi Parsi Omar Khayyám (1048 – 1123). "Rubaiyat" (diambil dari perkataan Arab bermaksud empat) bermaksud "kuatrin": ayat dalam empat baris.
Parodies of the Rubaiyat, included are 'The Rubaiyat of Ohow Dryyam', 'The Rubaiyat of a Persian Kitten', 'The Rubaiyat of Omar Cayenne', and 'The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Jr.'
The Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin holds over 1,500 items related to the Rubaiyat, including two copies of the first edition, hundreds of editions, translations, and parodies, several Persian manuscripts containing rubaiyat, and ephemera, manuscripts and correspondence documenting the phenomenon of "Omariana"