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Selo (woord)

Selo (Cyrillisch: село, mv. села; sela) is een bekend Slavisch woord dat de betekenis heeft van dorp in Bulgarije, Kroatië, Noord-Macedonië, Oekraïne, Rusland en Servië. In Bulgarije zijn er bijvoorbeeld veel sela die de naam 'Novo Selo' ("nieuw dorp") dragen, zie doorverwijspagina Novo Selo. Een voorbeeld uit Rusland is Tsarskoje Selo.

Bulgarije

Zie Bestuurlijke indeling van Bulgarije voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.
Het dorp Kokaljane, in de buurt van Sofia
Het dorp Moegla, in de buurt van het Rodopegebergte

In Bulgarije verschillen de sela (села) erg in omvang; van 5 tot 30 families en met duizend tot meerdere duizenden inwoners. In Bulgarije is het populair geworden om verschillende soorten dorpen in het landschap te bezoeken voor de "authentieke" sfeer, cultuur, handwerken, gastvrijheid van de bevolking en de omliggende natuur, wat de naam "selski tourisme" (Bulgaars: селски туризъм; dorpstoerisme) gekregen heeft.

Op 31 december 2021 telde Bulgarije 5.257 nederzettingen, waaronder 5.000 dorpen.[1] Volgens de volkstelling van 2021 hadden deze 5.000 dorpen gezamenlijk 1.677.139 inwoners, oftewel 25,7% van de Bulgaarse bevolking..[2] Een gemiddeld dorp in Bulgarije had 335,4 inwoners - variërend van 167 permanent ontvolkte dorpen (zie: 'spookdorpen') tot ruim 6.000 inwoners in Lozen. Zie hieronder een lijst van de tien grootste dorpen in Bulgarije.

Rang Plaatsnaam Bulgaarse naam Bevolking
(2021)		 Gemeente Oblast
1. Lozen Лозен 6.142 Sofia Sofia-Hoofdstad
2. Ajdemir Айдемир 5.295 Silistra Silistra
3. Bistritsa Бистрица 5.198 Sofia Sofia-Hoofdstad
4. Draginovo Драгиново 4.670 Velingrad Pazardzjik
5. Kazitsjene Казичене 4.445 Sofia Sofia-Hoofdstad
6. Rozino Розино 4.228 Karlovo Plovdiv
7. Gradets Градец 4.150 Kotel Sliven
8. Troed Труд 4.068 Maritsa Plovdiv
9. Boekovlak Буковлък 3.818 Pleven Pleven
10. Malo Konare Мало Конаре 3.706 Pazardzjik Pazardzjik

Rusland

De selo vormt een van de rurale nederzettingstypen in Rusland. Deze verschilden vroeger van de normale dorpen (derevni), maar tegenwoordig is er geen duidelijk onderscheid meer in stanitsa's, sloboda's, selo's, derevnja's, choetoren en andere. Ze worden echter bij het OKATO-systeem en bijvoorbeeld de volkstellingen nog wel zo gedefinieerd. Bij de laatste volkstelling waren er 152.290 sela in Rusland. De grootste selo was bij deze volkstelling Kotsjoejevskoje (kraj Stavropol) met ongeveer 28.000 inwoners.[3]

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