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Astrodon

Astrodon
Intervalo temporal: Cretáceo Inferior
112 Ma
Classificação científica edit
Domínio: Eukaryota
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Clado: Dinosauria
Clado: Saurischia
Clado: Sauropodomorpha
Clado: Sauropoda
Clado: Macronaria
Clado: Titanosauriformes
Gênero: Astrodon
Johnston, 1859
Espécies:
A. johnstoni
Nome binomial
Astrodon johnstoni
Leidy, 1865
Sinónimos
  • Pleurocoelus nanus Marsh, 1888
  • Pleurocoelus altus Marsh, 1888

Astrodon foi um género de dinossauro herbívoro saurópode que podia alcançar mais de 15 metros de altura.[1] O primeiro foi encontrado no estado de Maryland, EUA, na década de 1850, foram encontrados outros no Texas. Alguns cientistas acreditam que também podem ter vivido na Europa. O seu nome significa “dente de estrela”. Sua espécie-tipo é denominada Astrodon johnstoni. Era um dinossauro de grandes dimensões, que viveu no local que atualmente a parte Leste dos Estados Unidos, durante o período Cretáceo (há aproximadamente 112 milhões de anos).[2]

Descoberta

Esboço das vértebras dorsais do Astrodon

Em 1888, O. C. Marsh nomeou alguns ossos encontrados na Formação Arundel, em Muirkirk, Maryland, de Pleurocoelus nanus e P. altus. No entanto, em 1903 John Bell Hatcher, levando em consideração a semelhança dos dentes de Astrodon johnstoni e os dentes da Formação Arundel referidos a Pleurocoelus nanus, argumentou que este último representa a mesma espécie que o primeiro e que o nome Astrodon, portanto, tinha prioridade.[3] Em 1921, Charles W. Gilmore concordou que o gênero Pleurocoelus é um sinônimo júnior de Astrodon, mas ao mesmo tempo manteve P. nanus e P. altus como espécies separadas do mesmo. Outras espécies ao mesmo tempo atribuídas ao gênero incluem Astrodon valdensis[4] e Astrodon pussilus.[5] Em 1962, R. F. Kingham atribuiu o Brachiosaurus, incluindo todas as suas espécies, ao Astrodon como um subgênero.[6] Carpenter e Tidwell (2005) aceitaram o argumento de Hatcher de que há apenas uma espécie de dinossauro saurópode conhecida da Formação Arundel e que Astrodon johnstoni é o sinônimo sênior de Pleurocoelus nanus (bem como de P. altus) na primeira descrição detalhada deste dinossauro. A maioria dos ossos do Astrodon são juvenis, e Carpenter e Tidwell consideraram as duas espécies nomeadas por Marsh, P. nanus e P. altus, como diferentes estágios de crescimento do Astrodon johnstoni.[2]

Referências culturais

Em 1998, Astrodon johnstoni foi nomeado o dinossauro do estado de Maryland.[1]

Referências

  1. a b «Maryland State Dinosaur - Astrodon johnstoni». Maryland Manual Online. Consultado em 9 de outubro de 2021 
  2. a b Carpenter, Kenneth; Tidwell, Virginia (2005). «Reassessment of the Early Cretaceous sauropod Astrodon johnstoni Leidy 1865 (Titanosauriformes)». In: Kenneth Carpenter; Virginia Tidswell. Thunder Lizards: The Sauropodomorph DinosaursRegisto grátis requerido. [S.l.]: Indiana University Press. pp. 38–77. ISBN 978-0-253-34542-4 
  3. Hatcher, John Bell (1903). «Discovery of remains of Astrodon (Pleurocoelus) in the Atlantosaurus beds of Wyoming». Annals of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History (em inglês). 2: 9–14 
  4. W.E. Swinton, 1936, "The dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight", Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 47(3): 204–220
  5. Lapparent, A. F. de, & Zbyszewski, G., 1957, Les Dinosauriens du Portugal, Mémoires des Services Geologiques du Portugal. Nouvelle série, numéro 2, 63 pp
  6. Kingham, R. F., 1962, "Studies of the sauropod dinosaur Astrodon Leidy", Proceedings of the Washington Junior Academy of Sciences, 1: 38–44
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