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Erva aromática

As ervas aromáticas ou ervas-de-cheiro são plantas, normalmente de pequenas dimensões, cujas folhas e outras partes verdes soltam aromas. São muito procuradas para a culinária e outros usos domésticos e industriais. A hortelã, e principalmente a variedade hortelã-pimenta, além de ser utilizada como tempero de pratos salgados, é também consumida para aromatizar o chá e o seu extrato usado no fabrico de balas^(pt-BR) ou rebuçado^(pt-PT?), creme dental, entre outros produtos.

Normalmente, na cozinha, as ervas aromáticas são utilizadas frescas, mas são também comercializadas secas, embora percam algumas propriedades. De qualquer modo, não devem confundir-se com as especiarias, que são em geral utilizadas secas e, muitas vezes, reduzidas a pó.^[1]

As aromáticas são utilizadas desde tempos imemoriais e, segundo alguns investigadores, acompanharam as migrações e a evolução dos povos que as utilizavam, inclusivamente protegendo a sua saúde, devido às suas propriedades antimicrobianas que, não só evitam algumas infeções, como a própria deterioração dos alimentos frescos.^[2] Além disso, muitas destas plantas têm propriedades medicinais, principalmente na facilitação dos processos digestivos.^[1]

No entanto, para manterem as suas propriedades, algumas dessas ervas só devem ser adicionadas aos alimentos no fim da sua preparação, uma vez que o calor prejudica-as.

A maioria das ervas verdes que ainda hoje se utilizam são originárias da região do Mediterrâneo.^[2]

História

Desde tempos remotos que as ervas aromáticas são usadas para diversos fins, como a cosmética.

São usadas tanto na área alimentar, como na farmacêutica e cosmética, e utilizadas tanto na fabricação de infusões e conservação de alimentos, como em medicamentos e produto de estética.^[3]

Ver também

Referências

↑ ^a ^b Nestle.pt - Ervas aromáticas Arquivado em 26 de abril de 2009, no Wayback Machine. acessado a 13 de maio de 2009
↑ ^a ^b Guerreiro, Margarida e M. Conceição Loureiro Dias. A gastronomia darwinista ou o papel das ervas aromáticas e das especiarias na selecção natural da espécie humana. em CiênciaViva.pt acessado a 13 de maio de 2009
↑ SAPO Lifestyle: Fitocosmética, plantas na cosmética | SAPO Lifestyle, accessdate: March 8, 2017

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