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Fibrato

Os Fibratos são fármacos usados no tratamento da hipertrigliceridemia e na prevenção da aterosclerose.

Farmacologia

Eles estimulam a síntese de PPAR-alfa via ativação de um receptor nuclear de transcrição génica (receptor PPAR - peroxisome proliferator activated receptor), a actividade de beta-oxidação de lípidos dos peroxisomas celulares. Estimulam a enzima lipase das lipoproteínas, destruindo os VLDL e libertando os lípidos para consumo nos músculos.

Efeitos

Reduzem os níveis de triglicerideos; e um pouco os da LDL (mau colesterol). Aumentam os niveis de HDL (bom colesterol).[1][2][3]

Diminuem a taxa de formação das placas ateroscleróticas nas artérias.

Efeitos adversos

Usos clínicos

  • Usados no controlo das dislipidémias duplas, com alto colesterol e triglicerideos.
  • Usados em combinação com estatinas em doentes com risco de aterosclerose por hipercolesterolémia.
  • Em doentes com gota e dislipidémia em simultaneo.
  • Doentes com Diabetes tipo 2
  • Não deve ser usado por alcoólicos (já em risco de miosite).

Podem causar cegueira noturna, nictúria e impotência sexual grave. São tóxicos para o fígado

Fármacos mais importantes

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Steiner G (dezembro de 2007). «Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes: a role for fibrate therapy?». Diab Vasc Dis Res. 4 (4): 368–74. PMID 18158710. doi:10.3132/dvdr.2007.067 
  2. ↑ Abourbih S, Filion KB, Joseph L, Schiffrin EL, Rinfret S, Poirier P, Pilote L, Genest J, Eisenberg MJ (2009). «Effect of fibrates on lipid profiles and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review». Am J Med. 122 (10): 962.e1–962.e8. PMID 19698935. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.03.030 
  3. ↑ Jun M, Foote C, Lv J; et al. (2010). «Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis». Lancet. 375 (9729): 1875–1884. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60656-3 

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