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Grant Oscar Gale

Grant Oscar Gale (29 de dezembro de 1903 – 14 de abril de 1998) foi um físico estadunidense. Foi professor da cátedra S.S. Williston de física do Grinnell College em Grinnell, Iowa, curador do Grinnell's Physics Historical Museum, sendo o Grant O. Gale Observatory no câmpus de Grinnell denominado em sua homenagem.[1]

Quando aluno de graduação na Universidade do Wisconsin-Madison Gale foi colega de John Bardeen, com quem manteve-se em contato durante muitos anos.

Após a graduação em 1928 Gale recebeu uma oferta para ser instrutor de física no Grinnell College,[2] tornando-se depois professor de física. Até sua morte em 1998 colecionou equipamentos científicos que se tornaram obsoletos, e manteve uma série de exposições, o que forma atualmente a grande parte do Grinnell's Physics Historical Museum.[3]

Gale adquiriu de Bardeen versões iniciais do transistor. Um dos seus alunos de maior destaque foi Robert Noyce, co-inventor do circuito integrado e fundador da Intel Corporation. Enquanto Noyce foi seu aluno em Grinnell:

Gale manteve-se em contato com Bardeen e seu trabalho, e obteve dois transistores em 1948 enquanto Robert Noyce era aluno de graduação. Noyce trabalhou com Gale no transistor e foi assim dentre os primeiros a identificar seus potenciais ilimitados.[4]

A orientação que Gale deu a Noyce foi também instrumental em protegê-lo de atos de indisciplina, quando Noyce roubou um porco de um fazendeiro na proximidade (que também era o prefeito da cidade) e então o abateu em Clark Hall para uma festa do colégio. A brincadeira teria resultado em sua expulsão e prisão, pois o roubo de animais era um delito grave em Iowa, se não fosse a intervenção de Gale.[5]

O grande relógio de sol "Alpha and Omega" localizado próximo ao Noyce Science Center no câmpus do Grinnell College é denominado em memória da mulher de Gale, Harriet M. Gale.[6]

Referências

  1. ↑ Grant O. Gale Observatory Arquivado em 24 de janeiro de 2015, no Wayback Machine., Grinnell College, acessado em 7 de março de 2016.
  2. ↑ Transcript from Voices of the Past: Grant Gale, Drake Community Library, Grinnell (Iowa).
  3. ↑ Physics Historical Museum, Grinnell College
  4. ↑ Richard Tedlow, Andy Grove: The Life and Times of an American Business Icon, Penguin, 2007. Página 94.
  5. ↑ Berlin, Leslie (2005), The Man Behind the Microchip : Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley, ISBN 9780198036883, Oxford University Press, p. 22 .
  6. ↑ Alpha and Omega Sundial, Grinnell College

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