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Movimento ao Socialismo

Movimento ao Socialismo
Movimiento al Socialismo - Instrumento Político por la Soberanía de los Pueblos
Movimento ao Socialismo
Presidente Evo Morales
Fundação 23 de julho de 1997
Sede La Paz,  Bolívia
Ideologia Socialismo[1]
Socialismo do século XXI[2]
Indigenismo[3]
Anti-imperialismo[3]
Anticapitalismo[4]
Espectro político Esquerda à extrema-esquerda[5][6][7]
Afiliação internacional Foro de São Paulo
Aliança Progressista
Câmara dos Deputados
75 / 130
Senado
21 / 36
Cores       Azul

O Movimento ao Socialismo — Instrumento Político para a Soberania dos Povos (em espanhol: Movimiento al Socialismo - Instrumento Político por la Soberanía de los Pueblos, abreviado MAS-IPSP), ou simplesmente Movimento ao Socialismo (MAS), é um partido político socialista boliviano.[8]

Histórico

O MAS tem suas origens na organização dos cocaleros da região do Chapare, sob a liderança de Evo Morales. Em 1995, diversas organizações camponesas se uniram na Assembléia pela Soberania dos Povos (ASP). Sem conseguir o número de asinaturas necessário para a formalização do partido, o grupo de Morales acabou se filiando à Izquierda Unida (IU) para as eleições de 1997. Eleito deputado, Morales deixou a IU em 1999 e assumiu o comando do Movimiento al Socialismo-Unzanguista (MAS-U),[9] sigla que havia sido fundada pelo empresário David Añez Pedraza em 1987.[10][11]

Nas eleições legislativas de 2002, a candidatura de Morales à presidência da Bolívia ficou em segundo lugar, perdendo para Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada. No mesmo ano o jovem partido obteve 27 das 130 cadeiras do Parlamento. Dois anos depois, nas eleições municipais de 2004, os candidatos a prefeito do MAS venceram em dois terços dos municípios da zona rural. Nas eleições presidenciais de 2005, Morales elegeu-se presidente.[12]

Resultados eleitorais

Eleições gerais

Data CI. Candidato

apoiado

Votos % +/- Deputados +/- Senadores +/- Status
2002 2.º Evo Morales 581 884
20,9 / 100,0
27 / 130
8 / 27
 Oposição
2005 1.º Evo Morales 1 544 374
53,7 / 100,0
 Aumento32,8%
72 / 130
 Aumento45
12 / 27
 Aumento4 Governo
2009 1.º Evo Morales 2 943 209
64,2 / 100,0
 Aumento10,5%
88 / 130
 Aumento16
26 / 36
 Aumento14 Governo
2014 1.º Evo Morales 3 173 304
61,4 / 100,0
 Baixa2,8%
88 / 130
 Estável
25 / 36
 Baixa1 Governo
2019 1.º Evo Morales 2 889 359
47,08 / 100,0
 Baixa14,32%
67 / 130
 Baixa21
21 / 36
 Baixa4 Anulada
2020 1.º Luis Arce 3 393 978
55,10 / 100,0
 Aumento8,02%
75 / 130
 Aumento8
21 / 36
 Estável Governo

Ver também

Outros projetos Wikimedia também contêm material sobre este tema:
Wikinotícias Notícias no Wikinotícias

Referências

  1. ↑ Anria, Santiago (2021). Rosenblatt, Fernando; Vommaro, Gabriel; Luna, Juan Pablo; Rodríguez, Rafael Piñeiro, eds. «Bolivia's Movement toward Socialism: A Political Party Based on and Anchored in Social Movements». Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 70–92. ISBN 978-1-316-51318-7. Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  2. ↑ «Evo Morales participó en 2006 en el Programa de Transición al Socialismo del Siglo XXI. Superar el capitalismo con el Socialismo del Siglo XXI | La Época- Con sentido de momento histórico». web.archive.org. 31 de outubro de 2019. Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  3. ↑ a b Quiroga, María Virginia (2012). «A identidade política do MAS-IPSP na Bolívia: Tradições, demandas e antagonismos». Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Brasília (ICS-UnB). Pós - Revista Brasiliense de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais. 11. Consultado em 8 de novembro de 2022 
  4. ↑ «Estatuto Orgánico del MAS-IPSP». MAS-IPSP (em espanhol). Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  5. ↑ «The Far-Left Wins Back Power in Bolivia. What Does That Mean for the Country's Future?». Time (em inglês). 20 de outubro de 2020. Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  6. ↑ «Bolivia's Morales positioning himself as victim to run in 2025 elections -observers | The Rio Times». web.archive.org. 1 de agosto de 2021. Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  7. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/FRANCE24.English (10 de março de 2009). «Morales expels US diplomat for 'conspiring'». France 24 (em inglês). Consultado em 11 de agosto de 2023 
  8. ↑ LEVITSKY, Steven; ROBERTS, Kenneth M. The Resurgence of the Latin American Left. JHU Press, 2013. Página 239 (em inglês)
  9. ↑ VIANA, João Paulo Saraiva Leão; MIGUEL, Vinícius Raduan. Bolívia: ascensão indígena ao poder e o Movimento ao Socialismo (MAS). Página 96
  10. ↑ Fallece fundador y presidente vitalicio del partido de Evo Morales. El País, 20 de outubro de 2010
  11. ↑ CORONADO, Cristian. Pasado, presente y futuro de los partidos étnicos en Bolivia. Rev Cien Cult [online]. 2011, n.26 (em espanhol)
  12. ↑ EITZINGER, Manuel. Evo Morales y su Movimiento al Socialismo: ¿Populismo étnico, nacionalismo reformado?. GR Historia del populismo latinoamericano en el siglo XX – Teoría y práctica. Página 4 (em espanhol)

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