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Conductivitate electrolitică

Conductivitatea electrolitică este conductivitatea electrică a electroliților. Se poate măsura cu conductivimetru. A fost studiată de Friedrich Kohlrausch, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf și Svante Arrhenius. Într-un electrolit, la aplicarea unui câmp electric ionii mobili realizează transport de sarcini electrice și astfel este generat un curent electric a cărui valoare numerică depinde de următorii factori:

- Valoarea numerică a mărimii câmp electric, deci de tensiunea electrică aplicată

- Numărul de ioni ce se formează

- Valoarea sarcinii electrice transportate, deci și de valența substanței numărul de sarcini electrice elementare pe ion

- Viteza medie (de drift) a ionilor în electrolit

Pe baza acestei mărimi și a numerelor de transport individuale măsurate ale speciilor ionice se pot calcula alte mărimi cum ar fi difuzivitățile individuale ale ionilor prin relația Nernst-Einstein.

Note

Vezi și

Bibliografie

  • Liviu Oniciu Chimie fizică. Electrochimie ed I,II 1974,1977
  • I. Rădoi, M. Nemes, C. Radovan Electrochimie, Editura Facla, Timișoara, 1974

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