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Сонет 96

Сонет 96
Автор Уильям Шекспир
Язык оригинала английский
Дата первой публикации 1609
Предыдущее Сонет 95[1]
Следующее Сонет 97[1]
Логотип Викитеки Текст произведения в Викитеке

Сонет 96 (англ. Sonnet 96) — один из 154 сонетов, написанных Уильямом Шекспиром и впервые опубликованных в 1609 году. Дата написания неизвестна, существуют разные гипотезы на этот счёт. Результаты компьютерного анализа говорят, что сонеты с 61-го по 103-й были написаны к началу 1590-х годов и после этого почти не редактировались, но не все исследователи с этим согласны. Возможно, Шекспир редактировал все сонеты до момента их публикации[2].

Предположительно первое издание не было авторизованным[3]. Тем не менее начиная с 1711 года сонеты публикуются в той же последовательности[4], и учёные на основе изначальной нумерации раскрывают историю любовного треугольника, которая служит подтекстом для всего цикла.

96-й сонет относится к числу стихотворений, посвящённых другу: в них Шекспир обращается к не названному по имени молодому мужчине[5][6]. Личность последнего остаётся загадкой, но в большинстве гипотез фигурируют Генри Ризли, 3-й граф Саутгемптон, и Уильям Герберт, 3-й граф Пембрук[7]. В 94-м сонете Шекспир пишет, что другие люди принимают пороки друга за добродетели из-за его прекрасной наружности. Исследователи видят здесь парафраз классического сюжета о волке в овечьей шкуре[8].

Как почти все сонеты Шекспира (кроме 145-го), 96-й сонет написан пятистопным ямбом[9].

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 https://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/sonnets/sonnet_view.php
  2. ↑ Горбунов А. Сонеты Шекспира. Загадки и гипотезы // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 611.
  3. ↑ Флорова В. Основные тенденции и подходы к изучению шекспировских сонетов в английской критике XVII—XX веков // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 650.
  4. ↑ Cheney P. The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare’s Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2007. P. 127.
  5. ↑ Cheney P. The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare’s Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2007. P. 128.
  6. ↑ Горбунов А. Сонеты Шекспира. Загадки и гипотезы // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 612.
  7. ↑ Горбунов А. Сонеты Шекспира. Загадки и гипотезы // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 622—624.
  8. ↑ Сонет 96. Комментарии // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 825.
  9. ↑ Горбунов А. Сонеты Шекспира. Загадки и гипотезы // Шекспир У. Сонеты. М.: Наука, 2016. С. 610.

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