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Шанский язык

Шанский язык
Самоназвание လိၵ်ႈတႆး
Страны Мьянма, Китай
Регионы Шан
Общее число говорящих 3 млн.
Классификация
Категория Языки Евразии

Тай-кадайская семья

Письменность Шанское письмо
Языковые коды
ГОСТ 7.75–97 шан 803
ISO 639-1
ISO 639-2 shn
ISO 639-3 shn
WALS sha
Ethnologue shn
Linguasphere 47-AAA-ae
IETF shn
Glottolog shan1277
Википедия на этом языке

Шанский язык (шан. လိၵ်ႈတႆး, тай-дэхун) — юго-западнотайский язык шанов; распространён в Шанском нагорье на северо-востоке Мьянмы, в части северной Мьянмы, западных районах китайской провинции Юньнань и отдельных анклавах в Таиланде и Лаосе. Принадлежит к тай-кадайской языковой семье. Общее число говорящих около 3 млн человек (в том числе 2,4 млн в Мьянме, около 300 000 в Китае).

Диалекты

  • Диалект тай-лонг — большинство шанов в национальной области Шан в Мьянме;
  • Диалект тай-не (тай-ле) — большинство шанов в Китае;
  • Диалект тай-мау — средство общения шанов района Бамо (Банмо), в долине реки Иравади

Письменность

Письменность шанского языка базируется на бирманском письме. Помимо основных знаков бирманского письма, шанами используются несколько дополнительных знаков.

Основные знаки

Знак Латинское
соответствие
МФА Знак Латинское
соответствие
МФА
k [k] kh [kʰ]
ng [ŋ] ts [tɕ]
s [s] gn/ny [ɲ]
t [t] n [n]
p [p] ph [pʰ]
f [f] y [j]
r [r] l [l]
w/v [w] x [θ]
h [h] a [ʔ]

Обозначение гласных (в сочетании с буквой ဢ)

Знак Латинское
соответствие
МФА Знак Латинское
соответствие
МФА
a [ʔa] ဢႃ aa [ʔa:]
ဢၢ aa [ʔa:] ဢိ i [ʔi]
ဢီ ii [ʔi:] ဢု u [ʔu]
ဢူ uu [ʔu:] ဢို eu [ʔɯ]
ဢိုဝ် eu [ʔɯ:] ေဢ e [ʔe]
ဢဵ ei [ʔe] ႄဢ ae [ʔæ]
ဢႅ ae [ʔæ] ဢူဝ် o [ʔo]
ဢ့ o/au [ʔɔ/ʔo] ေဢႃ au [ʔɔ:]
ဢိူ oe [ʔɤ] ဢိူဝ် oe [ʔɤ:]
ဢ်ႂ [ʔaɯ] ဢႆ ai [ʔaj]
ဢဝ် aw [ʔaw]

Обозначение тонов

Шанский МФА
ၼႃ [nǎː]
ၼႃႇ [nàː]
ၼႃႈ [nāː]
ၼႃး [náː]
ၼႃႉ [na̰]

Шанская Википедия

Существует раздел Википедии на шанском языке («Шанская Википедия»), первая правка в нём была сделана в ? году[1]. По состоянию на 19:45 (UTC) 29 ноября 2024 года раздел содержит 13 716 статей (общее число страниц — 32 280); в нём зарегистрировано 4957 участников, двое из них имеют статус администратора; 20 участников совершили какие-либо действия за последние 30 дней; общее число правок за время существования раздела составляет 65 275[2].

Литература

  • Морев Л. Н. Шанский язык. Серия: Языки народов Азии и Африки. М. Наука, 1983 г.

Ссылки

Примечания

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