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Схизокарпий

Схизока́рпий, или схизокарп (лат. schizocarpium), также дробная коробочка — тип сухого плода, представляющий собой модифицированную коробочку. При созревании распадается на отдельные замкнутые односемянные или многосемянные гнёзда — мерикарпии — или на односемянные половинки гнёзд — карцерулы.

У некоторых семейств при созревании мерикарпии разрушаются, освобождая семена, у других — не вскрываются. Некоторые видоизменённые схизокарпии получили собственные названия: регма — у молочайных, вислоплодник — у зонтичных, стеригма — у гераниевых, двукрылатка — у клёновых, ценобий — у губоцветных и бурачниковых.

Схизокарпий характерен также для семейства Мальвовые, у которых мерикарпии соединены с цветоложем, при созревании плода открепляются от него. Стилодии плодолистиков (мерикарпиев) срастаются в пестик, в плодах образующий носик. Иногда плод мальвовых называют калачиком.

Схизокарпий штокрозы, вислоплодники миррис, двукрылатки клёна, стеригмы герани, регмы молочая

Литература

  • Артюшенко З. Т., Фёдоров Ал. А. Атлас по описательной морфологии высших растений : Плод = Organographia illustrata plantarum vascularium : Fructus. — Л. : Наука, 1986. — Вып. [5]. — С. 49—60. — 392 с. — 3850 экз.

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