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Haur cucuk

Haur cucuk
Haur cucuk , Bambusa blumeana
ti Pagerukir, Sampung, Ponorogo
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Karajaan:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiospermae
(unranked):
Monokotil
(unranked):
Commelinids
Ordo:
Poales
Kulawarga:
Poaceae
Génus:
Bambusa
Spésiés:
B. blumeana
Ngaran binomial
Bambusa blumeana
Sinonim
  • Arundarbor spinosa Rumph.[2] (nom.inval.)
  • Bambusa pungens Blanco
  • Bambusa spinosa Blume ex Nees (nom.illeg.)
  • Bambusa stenostachya Hack.
  • Bambusa teba Miq.
  • Schizostachyum durie Rupr.

sinonim langkung lengkep tinggali The Plant List[3]

Haur cucuk (Bambusa bluméana) nyaéta tangkal awi haur anu tangkal jeung régangna carucukan bijil tina buku-bukuna .[4] Haur cucuk disebut ogé : pring gĕsing, p. greng (basa Jawa).[4] Di daérah Jawa disebut ogé pring ori.[5] Haur cucuk masih kénéh kaasup genus haur cina, haur cucuk gedé, haur konéng, haur bodas, jeung haur tutul.[6]

Pedaran

Haur cucuk hirupna ngadapur tur tangkalna kékép, rimpangna nyagak ''simpodial''; régang-régang anu carucukan ngahunyud deukeut puhu tangkalna.[7] Iwung semu konéng, katutup ku salumpit anu baruluan kelirna coklat.[5] Tangkalna sanajan ajeg ka luhur tapi henteu lempeng malahan rada marieus jeung paparéolan, jangkung bisa nepi ka 25 m, cucukan; mimiti bijil régang ti luhureun taneuh kénéh, régang anu leuwih leutik bijil tina regang anu badag.[5] Tangkal anu masih ngora baruluan kalawan mibanda lapisan bodas kawas lilin, mangsa geus kolot mah tangkal téh jadi héjo hérang tur henteu buluan.[5] Panjang buku-bukuna 25-30 cm garis tengahna ø 5–10 cm, daging tangkalna pejel, kandela 10-20 mm.[5][7] Buku-bukuna ngajarendul kalawan buku anu paling handap kaluar akar tapi henteu manjangan (akar udara).[7]

Salumpitna gancang lésot tina tangkal, wujudna siku tilu rubakna 30 × 22 cm, ka handapna leuwih heureut tur ngaleutikan beuki ka luhur beuki rubak, luarna buluan kelirna coklat.[7] Salumpit daun lanset pondok, kurang leuwih 15 × 1,5 cm, ajeg dina buku-bukuna, palebah tengah-tengah rata, palebah tungtungna nikel ka jero, jerona aya buluan (''adaksial''), luarna bulistir (abaksial).[5][7]

Daun salambar (lanset) panjang 15-20 × 1,5–2 cm, palebah cupat daun semu buleud, tungtung daun mecos; salumpitna buluan leutik panjangna 1–3 mm.[7] Kembang sababaraha ngaranggeuy bijil tina régang utamana anu henteu daunan pseudospikelet jarakna 1–5 cm.[7] Spikelet gepéng, panjang nepi ka 5 cm, diwangun ku 2-3 ''gluma'' kosong jeung 5-12 ''floret''.[7] ''Kariopsis'' teu kanyahoan.[7]

Tempat hirup jeung ékologi

Haur cucuk ditaksir asalna ti Indonesia beulah kulon: Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, jeung Nusa Tenggara.[7][8]. Kiwari haur cucuk geus dipelak jeung direkahkeun di sakuliah Asia Tenggara daratan (Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam), Tiongkok kidul (Fujian, Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan), katut Filipina.[7][8][9].

Di alam liar, haur cucuk kapanggih hirup di tempat anu luhur taneuhna 300 m tina beungeut cai laut (dpl), awi cucuk bisa hirup dina taneuh anu angar tur henteu subur, loba kapanggih hirup sisi gawir, sisi susukan.[7] Tangkal awi haur kawilang kuat hirup dina taneuh anu baseuh atawa angar utamana anu mibanda mibanda pH antara 5—6,5.[7]

Mangpaat

Tangkalna kawilang kuat tur kandel, bisa dimangpaatkeun pikeun bahan wangunan utamana tunjel konstruksi, bisa ogé pikeun purnitur, pakakas dapur, rupa-rupa anyaman, ogé sumpit.[4] Dumasar kana panalungtikan tangkal haur cucuk anu garing (15% kandungan caina) kuat nahan beurat nepi ka 500 kg/m³ .[7] Haur cucuk anu dipaké di luar (pager, pancuran, cukang, jeung sajabana) kuat dipaké nepi ka 1-3 taun, kalawan 2-5 taun pikeun pamakéan di jero rohangan, teu nepi ka 6 bulan umurna mangsa dipaké dina kaayaan kakeueum ku cai laut.[5] Haur cucuk bisa ogé dimangpaatkeun pikeun nyieun kertas ku jalan saméméhna tangkal awi dijieun heula bubur, tangkalna anu geus garing bisa ogé dimangpaatkeun pikeun suluh.[7]

Iwung haur cucuk ogé bisa dimangpaatkeun pikeun sayuran.[7] Daun jeung régang anu ngora isa dimangpaatkeun pikeun parab ingon-ingon.[4] Haur cucuk ngahaja dipelak pikeun ngajaga taneuh sangkan henteu urug atawa longsor, ogé nahan cai susukan sangkan henteu ngagerus taneuh érosi, Bisa ogé dipelak pikeun nahan angin, wates taneuh, pager hirup jeung réa-réa deui.[7] Baheula ngahaja dipelak pikeun benteng anu ngurilingan kampung.[2]

Spésiés séjén

Bambusa bambos (haur cucuk gedé) sakapeung katempo ampir sarimbag jeung B. blumeana.[7] Ngan anu ngabédakeun taya lian salumpitna B. blumeana mah ceulina katempo kalawan jelas mibanda buluan sedengkeun; salumpit B. bambos salumpitna leuwih heureut, kelir buluna coklat kolot nepi ka hideung di luar jeung jero salumpit.[5]

  • Salumpit haur cucukB. blumeana
    Salumpit haur cucukB. blumeana
  • Buku anu deukeut kana palebah puhu bijil akar
    Buku anu deukeut kana palebah puhu bijil akar
  • Tangkalna paparéolan
    Tangkalna paparéolan
  • Régang-régang daraunan
    Régang-régang daraunan
  • Cucuk-cucuk dina régang
    Cucuk-cucuk dina régang
  • Régangna carucukan ngahuyud deukeut puhu tangkal
    Régangna carucukan ngahuyud deukeut puhu tangkal

Dicutat tina

  1. ↑ Roemer, Johann Jacob & Josef (Joseph) August Schultes. 1830. Caroli a Linné ... Systema vegetabilium: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Cum characteribus differentiis et synonymis. Editio nova, speciebus inde ab editione XV. Detectis aucta et locupletata. vol. VII(2): 1343. Stuttgardtiae :Sumtibus J.G. Cottae [1817-1830]
  2. ↑ a b Rumpf, G.E. 1743. Herbarium Amboinense: plurimas conplectens arbores, frutices, ... Pars IV: 14, Tab. 3. Amstelaedami :apud Franciscum Changuion, Hermannum Uttwerf. MDCCXLIII.
  3. ↑ The Plant List: Bambusa blumeana Schult.f.
  4. ↑ a b c d Heyne, K. 1987. Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia I: 336. Badan Litbang Kehutanan, Departemen Kehutanan. Jakarta. (versi berbahasa Belanda -1922- I: 276.)
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h Widjaja, E.A. 2001. Identikit jenis-jenis bambu di Jawa: 21-2. L.f. 2. Bogor: Puslitbang Biologi LIPI.
  6. ↑ KBBI Daring: bambu duri
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Roxas, C.A. 1995. "Bambusa blumeana J.A. & J.H. Schultes". Archived 2017-02-14 di Wayback Machine in Soejatmi Dransfield & E.A. Widjaja (Eds). Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 7 Bamboos: 60-4. Bogor :PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation. [Internet] Record from Proseabase. Accessed 13-Feb-2017
  8. ↑ a b Bamboo of Thailand: Bambusa blumeana Archived 2017-02-14 di Wayback Machine.
  9. ↑ Flora of China: Bambusa blumeana J.A. & J.H. Schultes.

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