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Naiad

För andra betydelser, se Najad (olika betydelser).
Naiad
Naiad
Upptäckt
UpptäckareVoyager 2
Upptäcktsdatumseptember 1989
Beteckningar
AlternativnamnS/1989 N 6
Uppkallad efterNajader
Omloppsbana
Halv storaxel48 227 ± 1 km
Excentricitet0,0004 ± 0,0003
Siderisk omloppstid0,2943958 ± 0,0000002 d
Inklination4,691°[1]
Måne tillNeptunus
Fysikaliska data
Dimensioner96×60×52 km [2]
Ekvatorradie33[1]
Area13684,78 km2
Massa~1,9 × 1017 kg (uppskattad på densiteten)
Medeldensitet~1,2 g/cm³ (uppskattad)
Ytgravitation (ekvatorn)0,012 m/s2[1]
Flykthastighet101 km/h[1]
Albedo0,07 [2]
Temperatur~51 K (uppskattad)
Skenbar magnitud+23,91[3]

Naiad är den innersta av Neptunus månar och har fått sitt namn efter Najaderna i den grekiska mytologin. Liksom flera andra av Neptunus månar har Naiad upptäckts genom analys av bilderna från rymdsonden Voyager 2 som togs 1989. Naiad saknar observerbar geologisk aktivitet.

Banan runt Neptunus ligger nära planetens ekvatorialplan, och Naiad roterar i Neptunus rotationsriktning, så nära att den med tiden endera kommer att falla ned på Neptunus eller brytas upp i bitar och bli en ring runt planeten.

Sedan överflygningen av Voyager 2 har Neptunus studerats ingående från markbaserade observatorier och av Rymdteleskopet Hubble.[4] I mars 2002 kunde Keck-observatoriet med adaptiv optik enkelt upptäcka planetsystemets fyra största månar, men Naiad kunde inte observeras. Hubble har kapacitet att se alla kända månar och är känsligare än till och med Voyager 2, men Naiad kunde trots det inte observeras.

Återupptäckt

Detta berodde på felaktigheter i positionsbestämningen. Det bekräftades 2013 av forskare vid SETI-institutet i USA. De återupptäckte satelliten i juni. De stora svårigheterna att fastslå Naiads banelement har förutom felbestämningen berott på satt den ligger så nära Neptunus. Dess ljus dränks av det 2 miljoner gånger starkare skenet från Neptunus.[5]

Det finns också en möjlighet att positionsbestämningen varit någorlunda riktig, men att Naiad omloppsbana påverkats av någon av de andra månarna.[6]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] ”Naiad - Facts and Figures” (på engelska). Solar System Exploration. NASA. Arkiverad från originalet den 4 november 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131104142622/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Nep_Naiad&Display=Facts&System=Metric. Läst 13 september 2014. 
  2. ^ [a b] E. Karkoschka (2003). ”Sizes, shapes, and albedos of the inner satellites of Neptune”. Icarus 162: sid. 400. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?bibcode=2003Icar..162..400K&db_key=AST&data_type=HTML&format=&high=444b66a47d11635. 
  3. ^ ”Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters” (på engelska). Solar System Dynamics. JPL. 24 oktober 2008. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par. Läst 13 september 2014. 
  4. ^ P. K. Seidelmann, V. K. Abalakin, M. Bursa, M. E. Davies, C. de Bergh, J. H. Lieske, J. Oberst, J. L. Simon, E. M. Standish, P. Stooke, P. C. Thomas (januari 2002). ”Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites: 2000”. Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 82 (1): sid. 83-111. 
  5. ^ ”Arkiverade kopian”. Forskning och Framsteg år=2013 (10): sid. 13. Arkiverad från originalet den 13 september 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140913150838/http://fof.se/artikel/neptunus-forlorade-mane-aterfunnen. Läst 13 september 2014. 
  6. ^ Miriam Kramer (8 oktober 2013). ”Neptune's 'Lost' Moon Spotted for 1st Time In 20 Years (Photos)” (på engelska). Solar System Dynamics. space.com. http://www.space.com/23113-neptune-lost-moon-naiad-photos.html. Läst 13 september 2014. 
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Neptunus månar
Naiad · Thalassa · Despina · Galatea · Larissa · Proteus · Triton · Nereid · Halimede · Sao · Laomedeia · Psamathe · Neso · Hippocamp
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