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Film endüstrisi

Film endüstrisi ya da Sinema endüstrisi[1] (film sektörü[2] veya sinema sektörü[3] olarak da bilinir), film yapım şirketleri, film stüdyoları, sinematografi, animasyon, film yapımları, senaryo yazımı, ön yapım, post prodüksiyon, film festivalleri, dağıtım gibi film yapımının teknolojik ve ticari kurumlarını ve oyuncuları, film yönetmenleri ile diğer film ekibini kapsayan bir kavramdır.

Hollywood dünyanın en eski film endüstrisidir. Gişe hasılatı ve ekran sayısı bakımından da en büyüğüdür.[4]

Modern film endüstrisi

2016 yılında dünya genelindeki sinema pazarında 38,6 milyar dolarlık gişe hasılatı elde edildi.[5] Gişe hasılatlarında; 14,9 milyar Amerikan doları ile Asya-Pasifik birinci sırada yer alırken, 11,4 milyar ABD doları ile ABD, Kanada ve Avrupa ikinci sırada yer aldı.[5] 9,5 milyar Amerikan doları ile Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika'da üçüncü sırada yer aldı.[5]

2016'dan itibaren, gişelerin en büyük pazarları sırasıyla şöyle; Amerika, Çin, Japonya, Hindistan ve Birleşik Krallık'tır.[5] 2011 yılı itibarıyla, en çok sinema yapımına sahip ülkeler ise Hindistan, Nijerya ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'dir. Avrupa'da ise Fransa, Almanya, İtalya, İspanya ve Birleşik Krallık önemli film üretim merkezlerindendir.[5]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Berber, Fatma. "İran'da Sinema Endüstrisi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi." İstanbul: Ortadoğu Araştırma (2011).
  2. ^ Dursun, Doğan. "Kültürel Endüstriler ve Kümelenme: İstanbul Film Sektörü Örneği" (PDF). ankara.edu.tr. A.Ü. TÜCAUM Dergisi. 6 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 6 Ağustos 2017. 
  3. ^ "Sinema Hizmetleri Sektör Raporu" (PDF). www.rekabet.gov.tr. Ankara: T.C. Rekabet Kurumu. 16 Şubat 2016. 6 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 6 Ağustos 2017. 
  4. ^ The earliest documented account of an exhibition of projected motion pictures in the United States was in June 1894 in Richmond, Indiana by Charles Francis Jenkins
  5. ^ a b c d e "European Audiovisual Council" (PDF) (Basın açıklaması). Avrupa Görsel-İşitsel Konseyi, Avrupa Konseyi. 30 Ocak 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2009. 

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