Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

James Prescott Joule

James Prescott Joule
Joule'un ısı cihazı (1845).
Joule'un, ısının mekanik eşdeğerini ölçmek için geliştirdiği cihazın şematik resmi.

James Prescott Joule (24 Aralık 1818, Manchester – 11 Ekim 1889). İngiliz fizikçi. Isının mekanik iş ile olan ilişkisini keşfetti. Bu keşif, enerjinin korunumu kuramını ve oradan da termodinamiğin birinci yasasının eldesini sağladı. SI sistemindeki iş birimi joule, onun adına ithafen verilmiştir. William Thomson ile mutlak sıcaklık ölçeğini geliştirmiştir. Bir direnç üzerinden geçen elektrik akımının ısı yaydığını bulmuştur (Joule yasası).

Isının mekanik eşdeğeri

Matematiksel formül:
Q = c Δt m = 4.18 F Δx = 4.18 W
Q = Isı (cal)
c = özısı (cal/g derece santigrad)
Δt = sıcaklık değişimi (derece santigrad)
m = kütle (g)
F = iş yapan korunumlu kuvvet (Newton)
Δx = yer değiştirme (metre)
W = fiziksel iş (joule)

Joule, yaptığı deneyler sonucunda, ısının mekanik eşdeğeri olarak; bir pound suyun sıcaklığını bir derece Fahrenheit artırmak için 838 ft·lbf luk bir iş gerektiğini bulmuştur.[1] Joule, bu sonuçları 1843'te düzenlenen "British Association for the Advancement of Science" toplantısında açıkladı ancak beklediği ilgiyi göremedi.

1845'te Joule, Cambridge'deki British Association toplantısında Isının Mekanik Eşdeğeri Üzerine adlı makalesini okudu.[2] Bu çalışmasında, artan sıcaklığını ölçtüğü yalıtılmış bir su varilinde bir çarkı döndürmek için düşen bir ağırlığın kullanılmasını içeren en iyi bilinen deneyini bildirdi. Burada, 819 ft·lbf/Btu (4.41 J/cal) mekanik eşdeğerini tahmin etti.

1850'de Joule, yirminci yüzyıl tahminlerine daha yakın olan 772,692 ft·lbf/Btu (4,159 J/cal)'lik duyarlı bir ölçüm yayınladı.[3]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Joule'un birimi 5.3803×10-3 J/kalori'ye karşı gelir. Joule'un tahmini değeri 4.51 J/cal idi, ki bu da 20. yüzyılın başlarında kabul edilen 4.1860 J/cal değerine yakındır (M.W. Zemansky (1968) Heat and Thermodynamics, 5. basım, s. 86)
  2. ^ Joule, J.P. (1845) "On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat" 5 Şubat 2009 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., Brit. Assoc. Rep., trans. Chemical Sect, s. 31, read before the British Association at Cambridge, June
  3. ^ Joule, J.P (1950) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, cilt 140, Part 1, ss. 61-82


Read other articles:

فلاستيميل كوبيسكي   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 14 أكتوبر 1912(1912-10-14) الوفاة 30 يوليو 1967 (عن عمر ناهز 54 عاماً) سبب الوفاة نوبة قلبية  مركز اللعب مهاجم الجنسية تشيكوسلوفاكيا  المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (هـ.) 1927–1932 Rapid Vinohrady 1932–1951 سلافيا براغ 325 (252) المنتخب الوطني 1932–1948 تش

 

Murder of American teen Jill-Lyn EutoJill-Lyn EutoBorn(1982-03-20)March 20, 1982Syracuse, New YorkDiedJanuary 28, 2001(2001-01-28) (aged 18)Syracuse, New YorkNationalityAmericanParentJoanne Browning (mother) Jill-Lyn Euto (March 20, 1982 – January 28, 2001) was an eighteen-year-old American youth from Syracuse, New York, who was found murdered on January 28, 2001. Her mother found her stabbed to death in her apartment. Euto's murder remains unsolved.[1] Biography Euto was s...

 

Diocese of the Catholic Church in Southern Illinois Diocese of BellevilleDiœcesis BellevillensisCathedral of Saint PeterCoat of armsLocationCountry United StatesTerritory28 counties in southern IllinoisStatisticsArea11,678 sq mi (30,250 km2)Population- Total- Catholics(as of 2012)902,000118,900 (13.2%)Parishes101InformationDenominationCatholicSui iuris churchLatin ChurchRiteRoman RiteEstablishedJanuary 7, 1887 (136 years ago)CathedralSt. Peter's CathedralPa...

الحقد 3The Grudge 3معلومات عامةالصنف الفني رعب نفسيالموضوع ما وراء الطبيعة تاريخ الصدور 12 مايو 2009مدة العرض 90 دقيقةاللغة الأصلية الإنجليزيةالبلد الولايات المتحدةموقع التصوير بلغاريا موقع الويب sonypictures.com… الطاقمالمخرج توبي ويكينسالكاتب براد كينيالبطولة جوهانا برادي شاوني سم�...

 

Ube 宇部市Kota BenderaLambangLokasi Ube di Prefektur YamaguchiNegara JepangWilayahChūgokuPrefektur YamaguchiPemerintahan • Wali kotaKimiko KubotaLuas • Total287 km2 (111 sq mi)Populasi (Oktober 1, 2015) • Total169.429 • Kepadatan590,3/km2 (15,290/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+9 (JST)Kode pos755-8601Simbol • PohonCinnamomum camphora• BungaSalvia splendensRhododendronNomor telepon0836-31-4111Alamat1-7-1 T...

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يوليو 2019) روبن غانت معلومات شخصية الميلاد 12 أبريل 1952 (71 سنة)  تلسا  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الوزن 230 رطل  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة ولاية أوكلاهوما...

العلاقات المصرية السعودية   مصر   السعودية السفارات سفارة مصر في السعودية   السفير : أحمد فاروق[1]   العنوان : الرياض، السعودية سفارة السعودية في مصر   السفير : أسامة نقلي[2]   العنوان : الجيزة، مصر تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاق�...

 

У Вікіпедії є статті про інші населені пункти з такою назвою: Набережне. село Набережне Країна  Україна Область Дніпропетровська область Район Нікопольський район Рада Покровська сільська рада Код КАТОТТГ UA12080110050065340 Облікова картка Набережне  Основні дані Населенн

 

The black madonna image of Our Lady of Willesden in the restored shrine at St Mary's parish church. Our Lady of Willesden is a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated by Christians in London, especially by Anglicans and Catholics. It is associated with the historic image (statue) and pilgrimage centre in the community of Willesden, originally a village in Middlesex, England, but now a suburb of London. The pre-Reformation shrine was home to the Black Madonna of Willesden statue. History St...

ケロロ軍曹 > ケロロ軍曹 (アニメ) > 超劇場版ケロロ軍曹3 ケロロ対ケロロ天空大決戦であります! 超劇場版ケロロ軍曹3ケロロ対ケロロ天空大決戦であります!監督 山口晋脚本 横谷昌宏製作総指揮 佐藤順一(総監督)出演者 渡辺久美子川上とも子小桜エツ子中田譲治子安武人草尾毅斎藤千和平松晶子石田彰池澤春菜能登麻美子広橋涼福田沙紀音楽 鈴木さえ子�...

 

German footballer Karl Allgöwer Personal informationFull name Karl AllgöwerDate of birth (1957-01-05) 5 January 1957 (age 66)Place of birth Geislingen an der Steige, West GermanyHeight 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in)Position(s) MidfielderYouth career SV Altenstadt SC GeislingenSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1977–1980 Stuttgarter Kickers 116 (59)1980–1991 VfB Stuttgart 338 (129)Total 454 (188)International career1980–1986 West Germany 10 (0)1980–1982 West Germany B 2 (1) *...

 

Mythology of Mongolia Mural depicting King Gesar of Ling The Mongol mythology is the traditional religion of the Mongols. Creation There are many Mongol creation myths. In one, the creation of the world is attributed to a Buddhist deity Lama. At the start of time, there was only water, and from the heavens, Lama came down to it holding an iron rod with which he began to stir. As he began to stir the water, the stirring brought about a wind and fire which caused a thickening at the centre of t...

Indian television series DaayanGenreSupernatural HorrorCreated byEkta KapoorDeveloped byEkta KapoorWritten byStoryAmitabh MishraVeerendra Sahni Mohd Zeeshan Mahipal SainiScreenplayRitu Goyal Rechal Navare DialoguesAparna NadigDirected byJitu AroraCreative directorsChloe Ferns Qureshi Riti SahaniStarringTina DattaPriya BathijaMohit MalhotraTheme music composerLalit SenNawab ArzooCountry of originIndiaOriginal languageHindiNo. of seasons1No. of episodes66ProductionProducersEkta KapoorShobha Kap...

 

American film director and screenwriter Derek CianfranceCianfrance at the screening of Blue Valentine during 18th Annual Hamptons Film FestivalBornDerek M. Cianfrance[1][2] (1974-01-23) 23 January 1974 (age 49)Lakewood, Colorado, U.S.Alma materUniversity of Colorado BoulderOccupation(s)Film director, screenwriterYears active1998–presentSpouseShannon PlumbChildren2 Derek M. Cianfrance (/ˈsiːənfræns/;[3] born January 23, 1974) is an American film dir...

 

Ancient Egyptian pyramid Pyramid of Senusret IIIThe pyramid of Senusret III in the 1890sSenusret III, 12th DynastyCoordinates29°49′8″N 31°13′32″E / 29.81889°N 31.22556°E / 29.81889; 31.22556Ancient name Constructed19th century BCETypeTrue pyramid (now ruined)MaterialMudbrick (core)Tura limestone (casing)Height78 m (256 ft)Base105 m (344 ft)Volume288,488 m3 (10,187,900 cu ft)Slope56° 18' 35 The pyramid of Senusret III (Lep...

German politician This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Hannelore Rönsch – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template mess...

 

Office building in Sacramento, California Esquire TowerLocation within CaliforniaShow map of CaliforniaEsquire Tower (the United States)Show map of the United StatesGeneral informationStatusExistingLocationSacramento, California, United StatesCoordinates38°34′44″N 121°29′27″W / 38.57889°N 121.49083°W / 38.57889; -121.49083Opening1999HeightRoof322 ft (98 m)Technical detailsFloor count22Floor area248,416 sq ft (23,078.6 m2)Design and ...

 

Shah Yousuf Gardez was an Islamic Sufi saint who came to Multan, (present-day Punjab, Pakistan) in 1088 AD. He is said to have restored the city of Multan, converted many people to the Islamic religion, and performed numerous miracles.[1] He came from Gardez in the present-day Paktia Province of Afghanistan. Gallery The shrine's interior is decorated with extensive mirror-work known as ayina kari The shrine is covered in blue tile-work that is typical of Multani style. Tomb of Shah Yo...

Academic discipline on law and management This article is about academic discipline on law and management. For field of business administration on legal issues, see Enterprise legal management. This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (docum...

 

Largest city in Kansas, United States For the county, see Wichita County, Kansas. City and county seat in Kansas, United StatesWichita, KansasCity and county seatDowntown Wichita skylineCarey HouseKansas African American Museum FlagSealNickname(s): Air Capital of the World,[1] ICT[2]Location within Sedgwick County and KansasInteractive map of WichitaCoordinates: 37°41′20″N 97°20′10″W / 37.68889°N 97.33611°W / 37.68889; -97.33611[3&#...

 
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya