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Jimnastik

jimnastik
Olimpiyatlarda yarışma düzenlenen dalı için bakınız: Artistik jimnastik

Jimnastik veya cimnastik, bedeni, fiziksel yapısını düzeltme güçlendirme ve geliştirme amacıyla düzenli hareket ettirme sanatıdır. Denge, güç antrenmanı, esneklik, çeviklik, koordinasyon ve dayanıklılık gerektiren fiziksel egzersizleri içerir. Bedeni çevikleştirmek ve güçlendirmek için yapılan alıştırmaların tümü jimnastiğin kapsamına girer. Bu disiplin; erkeklerde, yer alıştırmaları, halka, halat tırmanma, kulplu beygir, paralel bar, barfiks; kadınlarda yer hareketleri, atlama masası, asimetrik bar ve denge aleti alıştırmalarını içerir.[1]

İyileştirme ve öğrenme amaçları güden tıbbi jimnastik ve eğitim jimnastiğiyse sanattan çok bilim ulamı içinde sayılmaktadır. İnsanın fiziksel ve ahlaki yetilerini eğitmek, fiziksel ve ruhsal verimini artırmak amacıyla beden çalışmalarından yararlanan "fiziksel eğitim", jimnastikten ayrı bir daldır.

Jimnastikte yapılan hareketler kol, bacak, omuz, sırt, göğüs ve karın kas gruplarının gelişimine katkı sağlar. Jimnastik, eski Yunanlar tarafından ata binme ve inme becerilerini içeren egzersizlerden ve sirk performans becerilerinden gelişmiştir. Jimnastikle ilgili sporlara katılanlar arasında küçük çocuklar, eğlence düzeyindeki sporcular ve her düzeydeki rekabetçi sporcular bulunur.[2]

Dünya çapında jimnastik müsabakalarının yönetim organı Uluslararası Jimnastik Federasyonu'dur (FIG). Herkes için jimnastik, erkekler ve kadınlar için artistik jimnastik, ritmik jimnastik, trambolin jimnastik, (çift mini trambolin dahil), yuvarlanma, akrobatik jimnastik, aerobik jimnastik ve parkour dahil olmak üzere sekiz spor FIG tarafından yönetilmektedir. Şu anda FIG tarafından tanınmayan disiplinler arasında tekerlek jimnastiği, estetik grup jimnastiği, TeamGym ve Mallakhamba bulunmaktadır.[3]

Jimnastik kelimesi, ortak Yunanca γυμνός ve γυμνάζω'dan türemiştir; genellikle "egzersiz yapmak, antrenman yapmak" anlamına gelir. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn modern jimnastikin kurucusudur.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya". 13 Eylül 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2023. 
  2. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya". 20 Mart 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2023. 
  3. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya". 1 Ağustos 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2023. 

Ayrıca bakınız

Wikimedia Commons'ta Jimnastik ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.

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