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Kayıp enerji

Deneysel parçacık fiziğinde kayıp enerji, varlığı enerjinin ve momentumun korunum yasalarıyla bilinen fakat parçacık dedektöründe saptanamayan enerji demektir. Kayıp enerji; elektromanyetik veya güçlü kuvvetlerle etkileşime girmeyen, bu yüzden de parçacık dedektöründe kolayca gözükmeyen parçacıklar tarafından taşınır. Bunların en büyük örneği nötrinolardır.[1] Genellikle, tespit edilemeyen parçacıkların varlığına işaret etmek için kullanılır ve Standart Model Ötesi Fizik teorilerinin imzasıdır.[2][3][4]

Kayıp enerji kavramı, Hadron çarpıştırıcılarında genel olarak uygulanır. partonların Z ekseni yönünde olan başlangıç momentumları bilinemez -çünkü çarpışan hadronların enerjileri bileşenleri arasında paylaşılmıştır ve sürekli yer değiştirmektedir- Bu yüzden de toplam kayıp enerji belirlenemez. Bunun yerine, enine "transvers" momentum ölçülür. Çünkü, başlangıçta bu eksen boyunca toplam enerji sıfırdır. Çarpışmadan sonraki tespit edilen parçacıkların enerjilerinin vektörel toplamının eksi işaretlisi, kayıp transvers enerji diye adlandırılır.

Kayıp enerjinin kesin ölçümleri çok zordur çünkü etkileşimden oluşan tüm parçacıkların enerjilerinin tam ve isabetli olarak bilinmesini gerektirir.

Ayrıca parcaçıkların enerjilerinin yanlış ölçülmesi de başka parçacıklar tarafından taşınmış kayıp enerji olmasa bile varmış gibi gösterir.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Thomson, Mark (5 Eylül 2013). Modern Particle Physics (İngilizce). Cambridge University Press. s. 23. ISBN 9781107292543. 
  2. ^ ATLAS Collaboration (1 Mayıs 2014). "Search for direct production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons in final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8TeV with the ATLAS detector". Journal of High Energy Physics (İngilizce). 2014 (5): 71. arXiv:1403.5294 $2. Bibcode:2014JHEP...05..071A. doi:10.1007/JHEP05(2014)071. ISSN 1029-8479. 
  3. ^ ATLAS Collaboration (1 Nisan 2013). "Search for dark matter candidates and large extra dimensions in events with a jet and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector". Journal of High Energy Physics (İngilizce). 2013 (4): 75. arXiv:1210.4491 $2. Bibcode:2013JHEP...04..075A. doi:10.1007/JHEP04(2013)075. ISSN 1029-8479. 
  4. ^ Baer, Howard; Chen, Chih-hao; Paige, Frank; Tata, Xerxes (1 Eylül 1995). "Signals for minimal supergravity at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: Multijet plus missing energy channel". Physical Review D. 52 (5): 2746-2759. arXiv:hep-ph/9503271 $2. Bibcode:1995PhRvD..52.2746B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2746. 

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