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Küçük Smada

Küçük Smada (Gürcüce: პატარა სმადა; okunuşu: “p’at’ara smada” [küçük smada]), Gürcistan’ın Samtshe-Cavaheti bölgesinde, Adigeni Belediyesi’nde bir köydür. Ahaltsihe Havzası’nda, Kvabliani Çayı’nın sol yakasında, deniz seviyesinden 1.200 metre yükseklikte yer alır. Adigeni kasabasına 7 km uzaklıktadır. Adigeni Belediyesi’nde bir de Büyük Smada köyü bulunmaktadır.

Küçük Smada, Çorçani ve Büyük Smada köyleriyle birlikte Çorçani temini oluşturmaktadır.[1]

Tarihçe

Küçük Smada, erken ve geç orta çağda, bulunduğu bölge itibarıyla Gürcü devletleri sınırları içinde yer alıyordu. Birleşik Gürcü krallığının zayıflaması üzerine bağımsız bir devlete dönüşen Samtshe-Saatabago’nun bir köyüyken, 16. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde Osmanlıların eline geçti. Osmanlı idaresinin köyü ele geçirmesinden 17 yıl sonra, 1595 yılında gerçekleştirdiği tahrire göre Küçük Smada'da ispenç vergisi vermekle yükümlü 12 hane yaşıyordu. Osmanlı idaresinin Smada-i Küçük (سمادۀ كوچك) olarak kaydettiği köy, Ahısha livasının Altunkala nahiyesine bağlıydı. Her hanede ortalama 5 kişinin yaşadığı kabul edilirse, Küçük Smada’nın (Smada-i Küçük) nüfusunun 60 kişiden oluştuğu söylenebilir. Köyde vergi vermekle yükümlü hane reisleri Lomina, İvane, Maharebel, Papuna, İordane, Elia, Grigola, Gogiça gibi adlar taşıyordu. Bu adlar ve ödedikleri vergi türü, Küçük Smada’nın bir Gürcü köyü olduğunu göstermektedir. Köyde buğday, arpa, çavdar, darı, keten, ceviz yetiştiriliyor, şarapçılık ve arıcılık yapılıyor, koyun ve domuz besleniyordu.[2]

Küçük Smada, yaklaşık 250 yıl Osmanlı egemenliğinde kaldıktan sonra, 1828-1829 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşı sırasında Çarlık Rusyası’nın eline geçti ve bu imparatorluğun bir parçası olan Gürcistan’a yeniden katıldı.

Nüfus

2014 yılı verilerine göre köyde 259 kişi yaşıyordu. Nüfusun neredeyse tamamı Gürcülerden oluşuyordu.[1]

Sayım tarihi Nüfus Erkek Kadın
2002 295 148 147
2014 259 132 127

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b Samshe-Cavaheti (Gürcüce), Yazarlar (Dali Nikolaişvili, Davit Sartania, Avtandil Ucmacuridze, Lamzira Lağidze, Vaja Trapaidze, Tinatin Nanobaşvili), Tiflis, 2016, s. 185 26 Eylül 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. ISBN 978-9941-0-8626-7
  2. ^ "Defter-i Mufassal-i Vilayet-i Gürcistan (Osmanlıca ve Gürcüce), (Yayımlayan) Sergi Cikia, Tiflis, 1941-1958, 3 cilt; I. cilt (1947), s. 110, II. cilt (1941), s. 113". 22 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 25 Ocak 2021. 

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