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Maârif-i Umûmiye Nezâreti

Maârif-i Umûmiye Nezâreti
Genel bilgiler
Kuruluş tarihi1857
Önceki kurum
Kapanış tarihi4 Kasım 1922
Sonraki kurum
TürüBakanlık
BağlılığıSadaret
Adresİstanbul, Osmanlı Devleti

Maarif Nazırlığı ya da Maarif Nezareti son dönem Osmanlı Hükümetleri'nde eğitim işlerinden sorumlu olan nazırlıktır.[1]

3 defa Maarif Nazırlığı yapmış ve Galatasaray Lisesini kurmuş olan Mahmut Esat Saffet Paşa

Osmanlı Devleti'nde II. Mahmut dönemine kadar eğitim işlerinden sorumlu bir devlet görevlisi bulunmuyordu. Bu dönemde Heyet-i Vükela yani Bakanlar Kurulunun kurulmasıyla Evkaf Nazırlığı, eğitim işlerinden sorumlu oldu. İlk önceleri 1838 yılında açılan Rüştiye Mekteplerinden sorumlu olacak Mekatib-i Rüştiye Nezareti kuruldu.[2][3] Bir aralık Sıbyan Mekteplerini düzene koymak ve Darülfünun kurmak amacıyla geçici olarak bir Maarif Meclisi oluşturuldu. 1841 yılında bu meclisin adı Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye oldu. Nihayet 1857 yılında Tanzimat döneminde Maarif-i Umumiye Nezareti adı altında ilk Maarif Nazırlığı kuruldu ve başına ilk Maarif Nazırı olarak Abdurrahman Sami Paşa getirildi.

1869 yılında o zamanki Maarif Nazırı Mahmut Esat Saffet Paşa tarafından hazırlanan Maarif-i Umûmiye Nizamnâmesi ile eğitim siteminde köklü bir değişikliğe gidildi. Medrese sisteminden uzaklaşarak, Rüştiye Mekteplerinden sonra eğitim verecek İdadi Mektepleri kuruldu.

Son Osmanlı Maarif Nazırı 1921 yılının Ağustos ayında görev yapmış olan Abdullah Lami Bey'dir. Bu tarihten sonra bu görevi Ankara'daki Maarif Vekâleti üstlenmiş, sonradan dilde yapılan sadeleştirme sonucu Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı adını almıştır.

Nazırlar listesi

[4][5]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Millî Eğitim Bakanliği'nin Tarihsel Gelişimine Genel Bir Bakiş". 30 Kasım 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ekim 2011. 
  2. ^ "Maarif-i Umumiyye Nezareti Teşkilatı-I, Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 51 (1-4) (1996) 183-247" (PDF). 17 Nisan 2012 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ekim 2011. 
  3. ^ "Maarif-i Umumiyye Nezareti Teşkilatı-II, Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 52 (1-4) (1997) 247-285" (PDF). 2 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ekim 2011. 
  4. ^ Sicil-i Osmani, Mehmet Süreyya Bey
  5. ^ Son Dönem Osmanlı Erkan ve Ricali (1839 - 1922) Prosopografik Rehber, Sinan Kuneralp, ISIS Press, İstanbul, ISBN 9784281181, 1999

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