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Marie Stopes

Marie Stopes
1918'de Stopes
DoğumMarie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes
15 Ekim 1880(1880-10-15)
Edinburgh, İskoçya
Ölüm2 Ekim 1958 (77 yaşında)
Dorking, Surrey, İngiltere
Eğitim
Tanınma nedeniAile planlaması, doğum kontrolü, öjenik
Evlilik
Çocuk(lar)Harry Stopes-Roe
Kariyeri
DalıPaleobotanik
Çalıştığı kurumlarManchester Üniversitesi
İmza
Marie Stopes kendi laboratuvarında, 1964

Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (15 Ekim 1880 - 2 Ekim 1958), İngiliz doğum kontrolü ve kadın hakları savunucusu. 1920'li yıllarda Birleşik Krallık'ta doğum kontrolü üzerine eğitim veren ilk kliniği açan kişidir. Klinikteki çalışmaları, yayımladığı yazılar ve söylevleriyle başta Katolik Kilisesi olmak üzere çeşitli kurum ve kişilerin tepkisiyle karşılaşmıştır. İngiltere Kilisesi'nin katı tutumunun değişmesinde önemli pay sahibidir.

Münih Üniversitesi'nde botanik üzerine doktorasını tamamladı. Daha sonra da Manchester Üniversitesi'nde ders vermeye başladı. Fosil bitkiler ile kömür madenciliği üzerine yaptığı araştırma ve çalışmaları sonrasında akademik olarak ün kazandı. 1916 yılında ilk evlenmesi boşanma ile sonuçlandı. Bu boşanmadan sonra akademik ilgisini evlilik üzerine yoğunlaştırdı. Kendisi doğum kontrolünü kadınlar için faydalı olarak görüyor; çocukların evlilik üzerindeki yükünü öne sürerek de bu uygulamanın mutlu bir evlik için gerekli olduğu savunuyordu. Marie Stopes bu bakış açısıyla doğum kontrolünü nüfus artışı ve fakirliğin engellenmesi için gerekli gören kişilerden ayrıldı. 1918 yılında A.V. Roe and Company (Avro) adlı uçak şirketinin kurucu kadrosundan olan Humprey Verdon Roe ile evlendi. Eşi de kendisinin bu yöndeki görüşlerini paylaşarak ona yardım etti. İkili ilk doğum kontrolü kliniğini evliliklerinden tam üç yıl sonra Holloway'de açtılar. Stopes daha sonra birçok dile çevrilen Married Love ve Wise Parenthood adlı eserlerini yayımladı.[1] Kendisinin Contraception: Its Theory, History and Practice[2] (1923: Doğum Kontrolü: Kuramı, Tarihi ve Uygulaması) adlı eseri ise yayımlandığı dönemde, bu konu üzerine yazılmış en kapsamlı kaynaktı. Stopes'in yüklendiği diğer bir misyon ise doğum kontrolünü Uzak Doğu ülkelerinde yaygın hale getirmekti.[3]

Kaynakça

Wikimedia Commons'ta Marie Stopes ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.
  1. ^ "The True History Behind Downton Abbey's Scandalous Sex Book". Time. 25 Kasım 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 7 Aralık 2016. 
  2. ^ "Marie Stopes: Contraception, its theory, history and practice (1923)" (PDF). muvs.org. 20 Aralık 2016 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 7 Aralık 2016. 
  3. ^ Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (Ana Yayıncılık bas.). AnaBritannica - 20. Cilt. s. 97. 

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