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Polibütilen tereftalat

Polibütilen tereftalat
Adlandırmalar
IUPAC adı
Poli(oksi-1,4-bütandiiloksikarbonil-1,4-fenilenkarbonil)
Tanımlayıcılar
Özellikler
Molekül formülü (C12H12O4)n
Erime noktası 223
Aksi belirtilmediği sürece madde verileri, Standart sıcaklık ve basınç koşullarında belirtilir (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Bilgi kutusu kaynakları

Polibütilen tereftalat (PBT) bir termoplastik mühendislik polimeridir ve bu yalıtkan olarak elektrik ve elektrikli eşyalar endüstrilerinin içinde kullanılır. Bu bir termoplastik yarı bir polimerdir ve bir polyestere benzerdir. Polibütilen tereftalat solventlere karşı dayanıklıdır, şekillendirme sırasında azıcık küçülür, mekaniksel anlamda güçlüdür, ısı dayanıklılığı 150 °C ve ya cam elyafı ile 200 °C'ye kadar çıkabilir ve yanmaz hâle getirebilmek için alev geciktiriciler ile işlenebilir. Britanyalı Imperial Chemical Industries okulu tarafından geliştirilmiştir.

Polibütilen tereftalat, diğer termoplastik poliesterlerle yakından ilişkilidir. Polietilen tereftalat ile kıyaslanırsa, polibütilen tereftalatın biraz daha düşük gücü ve sertliği olduğu görülür, darbe direnci biraz daha iyidir ve biraz daha düşük cam geçiş sıcaklığı vardır. Polibütilen tereftalat ve Polietilen tereftalat 60 °C (140 °F) üstü sıcaklıklara dayanıklıdır. PBT ve PET dışarı bir bölgede kullanılırsa ultraviyole korumasına gerek duyar ve bu poliesterlerin çoğunluğu yanıcıdır, fakat katkı maddeleri hem ultraviyole hem de yanıcılık özelliklerini iyileştirmek için kullanılabilir.

Uygulamalar

Polibütilen tereftalat, elektrik mühendisliğinde mahfazalar için kullanılır, aynı zamanda otomotiv yapımında fiş konnektörler olarak ve evlerde kullanılır örneğin duş başlıklarında veya ütülerde. Ayrıca diş fırçası liflerinde ve takma kirpiklerde işlenmiş olarak bulunur ve bu tuş takımlarının → keycaps dokusu aşınmaya karşı oldukça dayanıklı olduğundan ve plastik ultraviyole bozunmasına karşı daha az hassas olduğundan, bazı üst düzey bilgisayar klavyelerininde ve geleneksel ABS alternatifinden daha fazla renk değişikliği yüzünden kullanılır.

Polibütilen tereftalat iplik hâline getirilebilir. Bu iplik şuna benzer doğal bir esnemeye sahiptir → Lycra ve spor giyim olarak da kullanılabilir. Klor direnci nedeniyle genellikle mayolarda bulunur. Ayrıca, son çalışmalar polibütilen tereftalatın T400 gibi Polietilen tereftalat bazlı kumaşlara göre üstün ultraviyole özelliklerine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Polibütilen tereftalat, özellike cam elyaflar, halojen içermeyen ürünlerle etkili bir şekilde yangın geciktirici olabilirler. Bunlarda fosfor bazlı alev geciktirici sistemler kullanılmaktadır. UL 94 tutuşabilirlik testlerinin sonucunu Kızaran Tel Ateşleme Testleri, Kızaran Tel Yanabilirlik Testi ve Comparative Tracking Index kadar iyi yapmak üzerine tasarlanmıştır. Ana uygulamalar elektrik ve elektronik (E&E) endüstrisindedir.

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