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Ruyangosaurus

Ruyangosaurus
Yaşadığı dönem aralığı: 125-100,5 myö
Apsiyen-Albiyen[1] 
İskeleti
Biyolojik sınıflandırma Bu sınıflandırmayı düzenle
Âlem: Animalia
Şube: Chordata
Klad: Dinosauria
Klad: Saurischia
Alt takım: †Sauropodomorpha
Klad: †Sauropoda
Klad: †Neosauropoda
Klad: †Titanosauria
Cins: †Ruyangosaurus
Lu vd., 2009[2]
Tip tür
†Ruyangosaurus giganteus
Lu vd., 2009

Ruyangosaurus (Ruyang kertenkelesi), Çin'in Erken Kretase Haoling Oluşumunu'ndan kurtarılan bir titanosauriform sauropod dinozor cinsidir. Tip türü, 2009 yılında Lu Junchang ve diğerleri tarafından tanımlanan R. giganteus'tur.[1][3]

Açıklama

Boyut karşılaştırması

Huanghetitan ve Daxiatitan ile birlikte Ruyangosaurus, Kretase Asyası'nda keşfedilen en büyük dinozorlar arasındadır. 2016'da Gregory S. Paul, türe, 30 metre (100 ft) uzunluk ve 50 tonun üstünde (55 kısa ton) ağırlık verdi. Bu da, onu bir 'mega-sauropod' yaptı.[4] Ruyangosaurus, 207 cm uzunluğundaki uyluk kemiği ve 127 cm uzunluğundaki sağ kaval kemiği ile kanıtlandığı gibi, muhtemelen yaklaşık 35 metre (115 ft) uzunluğundaydı.[5] 2020'de Molina-Perez ve Larramendi, canlınının 24.8 metre (81.4 ft) ve 34 ton (37.5 kısa ton) olduğu söyleyip, daha düşük bir tahmin verdi.[6]

Sınıflandırma

Uyluk kemiği
Sırt omurları
Kaval kemiği

Ruyangosaurus'u tanımlayanlar onu Andesauridae'ye atadı.[3] Bununla birlikte, Andesauridae monofiletik değildir ve bu nedenle artık kullanılmamaktadır.[7]

Ruyangosaurus'u içerecek en kapsamlı filogenetik veri kümesi, onu Andesaurus ve diğer bazal titanosaurlar ve titanosaur'a yakın somfospondiller ile bir politomide bulur ve orijinal açıklamanın onun ve Andesaurus'un filogenetik yakınlığı iddiasını destekler, ancak kesin taksonomik atama değildir.[8][9]

Macronaria
 
 

Tehuelchesaurus

 
 
 

Janenschia

 
 

Haestasaurus

 
 
 
 
 

Camarasaurus

 
 
 

Aragosaurus

 
 
 

Galveosaurus

 
Titanosauriformes
Brachiosauridae
 

Europasaurus

 
 
 

Vouivria

 
 
 

Brachiosaurus

 
 
 

Abydosaurus

 
 

Cedarosaurus

 
 

Giraffatitan

 
 

Lusotitan

 
 

Sonorasaurus

 
 

Venenosaurus

 
 
 
 
 
Somphospondyli
Euhelopodidae
 
 

Euhelopus

 
 
 

Erketu

 
 

Gobititan

 
 
 
 
 

Qiaowanlong

 
 
 

Phuwiangosaurus

 
 

Tangvayosaurus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Paluxysaurus

 
 

Sauroposeidon

 
 
 
 
 

Cloverly titanosauriform

 
 

Padillasaurus

 
 
 

Dongbeititan

 
 

Ligabuesaurus

 
 
 
 
 
 

Tastavinsaurus

 
 
 

Angolatitan

 
 

Chubutisaurus

 
 
 
 
 

Andesaurus

 
 

Huanghetitan liujiaxianensis

 
 

Huanghetitan ruyangensis

 
 

Ruyangosaurus

 
 

Wintonotitan

 
 
 
 

Baotianmansaurus

 
 

Dongyangosaurus

 
 
 
 
 

Savannasaurus

 
 

Diamantinasaurus

 
 
 
 
 

Daxiatitan

 
 

Xianshanosaurus

 
 
 

Lithostrotia

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Ancak, tüm filogenetik analizler onun bir somfospondil olarak konumunu desteklememiştir. Daha küçük bir filogenetik veri seti, Ruyangosaurus'un tip lokalitesinden ek materyale dayalı olarak titanosauriform olmayan bir makronarian olduğunu buldu.[10]

Macronaria
 

Camarasaurus

 
 
 

Europasaurus

 
 
 

Yunmenglong

 
 

Ruyangosaurus

 
 
Titanosauriformes
Brachiosauridae
 

Brachiosaurus

 
 

Giraffatitan

 
 

Abydosaurus

 
 

Paluxysaurus

 
 

Cedarosaurus

 
 
Somphospondyli
 

Euhelopus

 
 
 
 

Qiaowanlong

 
 

Erketu

 
 
Titanosauria
 

Andesaurus

 
 
 

Sonidosaurus

 
 
 

Bor Guvé titanosaur

 
 

Lithostrotia

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Yetişme ortamı

Restorasyonu

Ruyangosaurus, yaşam alanını, Xianshanosaurus, "Huanghetitan" ruyangensis, Yunmenglong, Luoyanggia ve Zhongyuansaurus ile paylaştı. Ruyangosaurus'un tip fosili başlangıçta "erken Geç Kretase"ye tarihleniyordu,[3] ancak son çalışmalar, omurgasız ve mikrofosil topluluklarının saha çalışması ve analizine dayalı olarak onu Apsiyen-Albiyen Çağına tarihledi.[11]

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b "Mindat.org". www.mindat.org. 26 Haziran 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Haziran 2021. 
  2. ^ "Ruyangosaurus". Mindat.org. 
  3. ^ a b c Lü (2009). "A new gigantic sauropod dinosaur from the Cretaceous of Ruyang, Henan, China". Geological Bulletin of China. 28 (1): 1-10. 
  4. ^ The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs 2nd edition. Oxford: Princeton University Press. 2016. ss. 231. ISBN 9780691167664. 
  5. ^ Jinyou Mo, Jincheng Li, Yunchuan Ling, Eric Buffetaut, Suravech Suteethorn Varavud, Suteethorne Haiyan Tong, Gilles Cuny, Romain Amiot & Xing Xu (2020). New fossil remain of Fusuisaurus zhaoi (Sauropoda: Titanosauriformes) from the Lower Cretaceous of Guangxi, southern China. 31 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Cretaceous Research: 104379 (advance online publication). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104379 1 Nisan 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
  6. ^ Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Sauropods and Other Sauropodomorphs. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 2020. s. 261. 
  7. ^ Mannion (2011). "Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163: 155-181. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00699.x. 
  8. ^ Mannion (2017). "The earliest known titanosauriform sauropod dinosaur and the evolution of Brachiosauridae". PeerJ. 5: e3217. doi:10.7717/peerj.3217. PMC 5417094 $2. PMID 28480136. 
  9. ^ Royo-Torres (2017). "Descendants of the Jurassic turiasaurs from Iberia found refuge in the Early Cretaceous of western USA". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14311. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14677-2. PMC 5662694 $2. PMID 29085006. 
  10. ^ Osteology of the giant sauropod dinosaur Ruyangosaurus giganteus Lü et al., 2009. Pekin: Geological Publishing House. 2014. ISBN 978-7-116-09074-3. 
  11. ^ Xu, L., Pan, Z.C., Wang, Z.H., Zhang, X.L., Jia, S.H., Lü, J.C., Jiang, B.L., 2012. Discovery and significance of the Cretaceous system in Ruyang Basin, Henan Province. Geological Review 58, 601-613.

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