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Gary Cooper

Gary Cooper
Tavalludi
Frank James Cooper

1901-yil 7-may
Helena, Montana, AQSh
Vafoti 1961-yil 13-may
Los Angeles, California, AQSh
Fuqaroligi AQSh
Kasbi Aktyor
Faoliyat yillari 1925–1961
Partiyasi Respublikachi [1]
Turmush oʻrtogʻi Veronica Balfe
Bolalari 1 ta
Otasi Charles Henry Cooper
Onasi Alice Cooper
Veb-sayti garycooper.com
Imzosi

Gary Cooper (talaffuzi: Gari Kuper; asl ismi Frank James Cooper (talaffuzi: Frank Jeyms Kuper) 1901-yil 7-may – 1961-yil 13-may) amerikalik aktyor boʻlib, oʻzining kuchli, sokin ekran xarakteri va bejirim aktyorlik uslubi bilan tanilgan. U ikki marta eng yaxshi erkak roli uchun Akademiya mukofotini qo'lga kiritdi va yana uchta nominatsiyaga ega bo'ldi, shuningdek, 1961-yilda o'zining aktyorlik yutuqlari uchun Akademiyaning faxriy mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi. U 23 yil ketma-ket 10 ta kino arbobi va 18 yil davomida eng yaxshi mablag' ishlab topuvchi yulduzlardan biri boʻlgan. Amerika kino instituti (AFI) Kooperni Klassik Gollivud kinosining 25 ta eng buyuk erkak yulduzlari ro'yxatida 2-o'ringa qo'ydi.

Kooperning faoliyati 36 yilni, 1925-yildan 1961-yilgacha davom etgan va 84 ta badiiy filmda bosh rollarni ijro etgan. U "jim kino" davrining oxiridan klassik Gollivudning oltin davrining oxirigacha boʻlgan yirik kino yulduzi edi. Uning ekrandagi personaji erkaklarga ham, ayollarga ham yoqdi va uning diapazoni aksariyat kino janrlarida rollarni o'z ichiga oldi. Uning o'z shaxsiyatini o'zi o'ynagan qahramonlarga aks ettirish qobiliyati uning ekranda tabiiy va haqiqiy ko'rinishiga yordam berdi. Faoliyati davomida u ideal amerikalik qahramonni aks ettiruvchi ekran shaxsini saqlab qoldi.

Kooper o'z faoliyatini filmda qo'shimcha va kaskadyor sifatida boshlagan, ammo tez orada aktyorlik rollarini o'ynagan. Dastlabki ovozsiz filmlarida o'zini G'arb qahramoni sifatida ko'rsatgandan so'ng, u Virjiniyalik sifatida paydo bo'ldi va 1929-yilda o'zining birinchi ovozli "The Virginian" filmi bilan kino yulduziga aylandi. 1930-yillarning boshlarida u oʻzining qahramonlik qiyofasini kengaytirib, sarguzasht filmlari va "A Farewell to Arms" (1932) va "The Lives of a Bengal Lancer" (1935) kabi dramatik filmlarda ehtiyotkorroq obrazlarni ijro etdi. Faoliyatining eng yuqori cho'qqilarida Kooper "Mr. Deed Goes to Town" (1936), " Meet John Doe" (1941), "Sergeant York" (1941), “The Pride of the Yankees” (1942) va “For Whom The Bell Tolls” (1943) kabi filmlarda turli qahramonlarni tasvirladi. Keyinchalik u "The Fountainhead" (1949) va "High Noon" (1952) kabi filmlarda dunyoga zid boʻlgan yetuk qahramonlarni tasvirladi. O'zining so'nggi filmlarida u "Friendly Persuasion" (1956) va 'Man of the West" (1958) kabi filmlarda zo'ravonliksiz qahramonlarni o'ynadi.

Yoshligi

Photo of Gary Cooper dressed as a cowboy at the age of two
Kooper kovboydek kiyingan, 1903-yil

Frank James Cooper 1901-yil 7-mayda Montana shtatining Xelena shahrida tug'ilgan, ingliz ota-onasi Alice (1873–1967) va Charles Henry Kooperning (1865–1946) ikki o'g'lining kenjasi[2]. Uning akasi Arthur undan olti yosh katta. Kooperning otasi Houghton Regis, Bedfordshire dan kelgan taniqli advokat[3], chorvador va Montana Oliy sudi sudyasiga boʻlgan[4]. Uning onasi Kent Gillingham shahridan boʻlgan va Montana shtatida Charlesga turmushga chiqqan[5].

Alice o'g'illarini ingliz tilini o'rganishini xohladi, shuning uchun u ularni 1909-yilda Bedfordshirdagi Danstable shahridagi Danstable grammatika maktabiga kiritish uchun ularni Angliyaga olib ketdi. U yerda Kooper va uning akasi otalarining amakivachchalari William va Emily Barton bilan Xoughton Regisdagi uyida yashagan[6][7]. Kooper 1912-yilgacha Danstableda lotin, fransuz va ingliz tilini o‘rgangan[8]. Uning onasi 1912-yil avgust oyida o'g'illari bilan AQShga qaytib keldi va Kooper Xelenadagi Jonson Grammatika maktabida o'qishni davom ettirdi[9][10][11].


Shaxsiy hayoti

Kooper o'zining bo'lajak rafiqasi, Nyu-Yorklik 20 yoshli debyutant Veronica Balfe bilan 1933-yil Pasxa yakshanbasida amakisi, badiiy direktor Sedric Gibbons tomonidan berilgan kechada rasman tanishishgan[12][13][14]. Oilasi va do'stlari tomonidan "Rocky" deb atalgan Park Avenueda o'sgan va maktablarni bitirgan[15]. Uning o'gay otasi Wall Street magnati Paul Shields edi[16]. Kooper va Rocky 1933-yil 15-dekabrda ota-onasining Park Avenue qarorgohida turmush qurishdi[17]. Do'stlarining so'zlariga ko'ra, nikoh Kooperga ijobiy ta'sir ko'rsatgan, u o'tmishdagi beparvoliklardan yuz o'girib, hayotini nazorat ostiga olgan[18]. Atletik va ochiq havoni yaxshi ko'radigan Rocky Kooperning ko'plab qiziqishlariga, jumladan, ot minish, chang'i uchish va skeyt otish bilan shug'ullandi[19]. U ularning ijtimoiy hayotini tashkil qildi va uning boyligi va ijtimoiy aloqalari Kooperga Nyu-York oliy jamiyatiga kirish imkonini berdi[20][21]. Kooper va uning rafiqasi Los-Anjeles hududidagi Encino (1933–1936)[22], Brentwood (1936–1953) va Holmby Hills (1954–1961) da uylariga ega boʻlgan va Aspen, Kolorado (1949–1953) ularda dam olish uyi boʻlgan[23][24].

Mukofotlari va nominatsiyalari

Yil Mukofot Turkum Film Natija
1937 Akademiya mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Nominatsiya
1937 Nyu-York kino tanqidchilari doirasi mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Nominatsiya
1941 Nyu-York kino tanqidchilari doirasi mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Sergeant York Gʻolib
1942 Akademiya mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Sergeant York Gʻolib
1943 Akademiya mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor The Pride of the Yankees Nominatsiya
1944 Akademiya mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor For Whom the Bell Tolls Nominatsiya
1945 Nyu-York kino tanqidchilari doirasi mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Along Came Jones Nominatsiya
1952 Photoplay mukofoti Eng mashhur erkak yulduz High Noon Gʻolib
1953 Akademiya mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor High Noon Gʻolib
1953 Oltin globus mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor High Noon Gʻolib
1953 Nyu-York kino tanqidchilari doirasi mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor High Noon Nominatsiya
1957 Oltin globus mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Friendly Persuasion Nominatsiya
1957 Nyu-York kino tanqidchilari doirasi mukofoti Eng yaxshi aktyor Friendly Persuasion Nominatsiya
1959 Laurel mukofoti Eng yaxshi harakat samaradorligi The Hanging Tree Gʻolib
1960 Laurel mukofoti Eng yaxshi harakat samaradorligi They Came to Cordura Gʻolib
1961 Akademiya mukofoti Akademiyaning faxriy mukofoti Gʻolib

Radio chiqishlari

Sana Dastur Epizod
1935-yil 7-aprel Lux radio teatri The Prince Chap
1937-yil 1-fevral Lux radio teatri Mr. Deeds Goes To Town
1938-yil 2-may Lux radio teatri The Prisoner Of Shark Island
1940-yil 23-sentyabr Lux radio teatri The Westerner
1941-yil 28-sentyabr Ekran Gildiyasi teatri Meet John Doe
1942-yil 20-aprel Lux radio teatri North West Mounted Police
1943-yil 4-oktyabr Lux radio teatri The Pride Of The Yankees
1944-yil 23-oktyabr Lux radio teatri The Story Of Dr. Wassell
1944-yil 11-dekabr Lux radio teatri Casanova Brown
1945-yil 12-fevral Lux radio teatri For Whom The Bell Tolls

Manbalar

  1. ↑ Critchlow, Donald. When Hollywood Was Right (en), 2013. ISBN 978-0521519694. 
  2. ↑ Meyers 1998, pp. 1, 4–5, 198, 259.
  3. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 1.
  4. ↑ Arce 1979, pp. 17–18.
  5. ↑ Meyers 1998, pp. 4–5.
  6. ↑ Meyers 1998, pp. 10–12.
  7. ↑ Janis 1999, p. 98.
  8. ↑ Swindell 1980, p. 19.
  9. ↑ Meyers 1998, pp. 104–05, 153, 313.
  10. ↑ Dickens 1970, pp. 29–278.
  11. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 175.
  12. ↑ Janis 1999, p. 22.
  13. ↑ Swindell 1980, pp. 300–01.
  14. ↑ Arce 1979, p. 121.
  15. ↑ Swindell 1980, pp. 308–328.
  16. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 99.
  17. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 315.
  18. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 103.
  19. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 104.
  20. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 106.
  21. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 175.
  22. ↑ Meyers 1998, pp. 59, 299.
  23. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 271.
  24. ↑ Meyers 1998, p. 175.

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