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Shaxta

Shaxta, shaxta stvoli – kon ishlarini bajarish uchun, yer yuzasiga chiqish yoʻliga ega boʻlgan, yer ostidagi tik yoki nisbatan qiya, koʻndalang kesimi uncha katta boʻlmagan (4,5x6,5 m gacha) kon inshooti. Shaxtalar liftlar, izli yoki konveyerli transportlar bilan, qurilish paytida esa paqirlar bilan jihozlanadi. Shaxtalarning koʻndalang kesimi dumaloq, baʼzan toʻgʻri burchakli, kamdankam elliptik shaklda boʻladi. Nisbatan qiya shaxta stvollari toʻgʻri burchakli, ravoq shaklida va dumaloq boʻlishi mumkin. Shaxta devorlari beton, temirbeton, katta hajmli temir va choʻyan gardishlar bilan mustahkamlanadi. Shaxta stvoli odamlarni tushirib-chiqarish, mustahkamlovchi yogʻochlarni tushirish, rudaga aralangan—keraksiz jinslarni chiqarib olish va shaxtani shamollatish, yer osti suvlarini chiqarish va razvedka maqsadlari uchun kavlanadi. Shaxta stvoli turlaridan – yer yuzasiga chiqish yoʻliga ega boʻlmagan (koʻr stvol), shaxtaning past qismidan yuqori qismiga foydali qazilmalarni tashib beruvchi tik kon inshooti mavjud. Shaxtalarning xizmat koʻrsatish muddati katta konlarda 50—70 yilga yetadi. Dunyoda eng chuqur Shaxtalar (chuq. 4— 4,5 km) Hindiston („Chempion Rif“ shahrisi)da va JAR („Vitvatersrand“ va boshqalar)da mavjud. U yerdan oltin, kumush va olmoslar qazib chiqariladi.

Bu maqolada boshqa til boʻlimlariga ishorat yoʻq.
Siz ularni topib va ushbu maqolaga qoʻshib, loyihaga yordam berishingiz mumkin.





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