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Sắt(II,III) oxide

Sắt(II,III) oxide
Magnetit và pyrit ở Ý
Danh pháp IUPACIron(II) iron(III) oxide.
Tên khácFerơ-ferric oxide, magnetit, sắt oxide đen, lodestone, rust
Nhận dạng
Số CAS1317-61-9
PubChem16211978
ChEBI50821
ChEMBL1201867
Ảnh Jmol-3Dảnh
SMILES
đầy đủ

  • O1[Fe]2O[Fe]O[Fe]1O2

InChI
đầy đủ
  • 1/3Fe.4O/rFe3O4/c1-4-2-6-3(5-1)7-2
ChemSpider17215625
UNIIXM0M87F357
Thuộc tính
Công thức phân tửFe3O4
FeO.Fe2O3
Khối lượng mol231,5386 g/mol
Bề ngoàiBột màu dương đen
Khối lượng riêng5,17 g/cm³
Điểm nóng chảy 1.597 °C (1.870 K; 2.907 °F)
Điểm sôi
Chiết suất (nD)2,42[1]
Các nguy hiểm
Trừ khi có ghi chú khác, dữ liệu được cung cấp cho các vật liệu trong trạng thái tiêu chuẩn của chúng (ở 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
KhôngN kiểm chứng (cái gì ☑YKhôngN ?)

Sắt(II,III) oxide hay oxide sắt từ là một oxide của sắt, trong đó sắt thể hiện hóa trị (II,III) với công thức hóa học Fe3O4 hay có thể viết thành FeO·Fe2O3. Đây là thành phần chính của quặng magnetit. Trong hợp chất này, tỷ lệ FeO:Fe2O3 là 1:1.

Oxide sắt này gặp trong phòng thí nghiệm dưới dạng bột màu đen. Nó thể hiện từ tính vĩnh cửu và là sắt từ (ferrimagnetic). Ứng dụng rộng rãi nhất của nó là như một thành phần sắc tố đen. Với mục đích này, nó được tổng hợp thay vì được chiết xuất từ khoáng chất tự nhiên vì kích thước và hình dạng hạt có thể thay đổi theo phương pháp sản xuất.[2]

Điều chế

Trong điều kiện yếm khí, hydroxide sắt (Fe(OH)2) có thể bị oxy hóa bởi nước để tạo thành sắt oxide và hydro phân tử. Quá trình này được mô tả bởi phản ứng Schikorr:

Magnetit kết tinh (Fe3O4) là chất có độ ổn định nhiệt động hơn so với sắt(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH)2)).[3]

Sắt tác dụng với oxy cho ra oxide sắt từ:

3Fe + 2O2 → Fe3O4 (FeO.Fe2O3)

Phản ứng

Oxide sắt từ tác dụng với dung dịch HCl tạo ra hai loại muối là FeCl2 và FeCl3:

Fe3O4 + 8HCl → FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O

Nếu để lâu, chúng có thể hóa hợp thành Fe3Cl8.

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  2. ^ Rochelle M. Cornell, Udo Schwertmann 2007 The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrences and Uses Wiley-VCH ISBN 3-527-60644-0
  3. ^ Ma, Ming; Zhang, Yu; Guo, Zhirui; Gu, Ning (2013). “Facile synthesis of ultrathin magnetic iron oxide nanoplates by Schikorr reaction”. Nanoscale Research Letters. 8 (1): 16. doi:10.1186/1556-276X-8-16.

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