1981年兩位澳洲醫師巴裡·馬歇爾(Barry J. Marshall)和羅賓·沃倫(Robin Warren)發現幽門螺旋桿菌才是造成胃潰瘍病因,而非過去熟知的壓力或生活不正常等因素。這些病菌進入體內之後,寄生在胃和十二指腸的保護黏膜內,削弱黏膜層的保護作用。為了證實胃潰瘍因細菌而起,馬歇爾喝下含幽門螺旋桿菌的飲料,尽管并没有导致胃溃疡,马歇尔得了急性胃炎,从而验证了幽门螺旋杆菌是胃病的主要致病因素。
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