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覺昌安

清景祖
出生?年
逝世1583年
谥号
翼皇帝
庙号
景祖
父親福滿

觉昌安满语ᡤᡳᠣᠴᠠᠩᡤᠠ穆麟德轉寫Giocangga,?年—1583年),中国明朝后期女真建州左卫领袖,明朝史料中譯為教場叫場。清朝實際上創始人清太祖努爾哈赤的祖父。[1]

生平

觉昌安世居苏子河畔赫图阿拉城,兄弟六人(德世库刘阐索长阿、觉昌安、包朗阿宝实)号称宁古塔贝勒。嘉靖初年,统一五岭以东,苏克苏浒河以西二百里,后来和董鄂部抗衡,势力又衰落。曾於嘉靖三十六年(1557年)依附建州右卫都指挥王杲,在撫順等地劫掠;嘉靖三十八年(1559年)向明朝地方官悔過入貢。萬曆二年(1574年)帮助李成梁攻灭王杲,立有战功,為建州左衛督指揮,后来为都督佥事。率领族人到辽东互市。萬曆十一年(1583年),同其子塔克世赴古埒城试图劝降叛明的孙女婿阿台,不料尼堪外兰引导明军破城后纵兵屠城,觉昌安与塔克世均死难。1636年5月16日(清崇德元年四月乙亥朔十二日丙戌),皇太极追尊他為昌王,1648年12月18日(清顺治五年十一月辛酉朔五日乙丑),顺治帝追谥他为翼皇帝满语ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠩᡤᠠ
ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ
转写gosingga hvwangdi),廟號景祖满语ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠮᠪᡠᡥᡝ
ᠮᠠᡶᠠ
转写mukdembuhe mafa)。

家庭

留有五子:

  1. 禮敦
  2. 額爾袞
  3. 界堪
  4. 塔克世
  5. 塔察篇古

后代人数

2005年,英国维康桑格研究所有研究表明觉昌安当今大约有150万名后代,主要分布在满洲地区和蒙古国[2]

参考文献

  1. ^ 清史稿·太祖本纪一》:“……觉昌安,是为景祖翼皇帝……景祖承祖业,居赫图阿喇。诸兄弟各筑城,近者五里,远者二十里,环卫而居,通称宁古塔贝勒,是为六祖。景祖有子五:长礼敦,次额尔衮,次界堪,次塔克世,是为显祖宣皇帝,次塔察篇古。”
  2. ^ 1.5m Chinese 'descendants of one man'. BBC. 2005-11-01 [2013-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-19) (英语). 

参考书目

覺昌安
出生于:不詳逝世於:1583年?月?日
統治者頭銜
前任:
清兴祖 福满
清朝追尊皇帝[錨點失效]
景祖翼皇帝
繼任:
清显祖 塔克世

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