马绍尔语中，长音符号用于ā n̄ ō ū4个字母，其发音与不加符号的a n o u有别。马绍尔语的三四个元音形成纵向元音系统，传统上它们的同位异音需要被写出，so vowel letters with macron are used for some of these allophones. Though the standard diacritic involved is a macron, there are no other diacritics usedaboveletters, so in practice other diacritics can and have been used in less polished writing or print, yielding nonstandard letters likeã ñ õ û, depending on displayability of letters in计算机字体。
^P.G.W. Glare (ed.),Oxford Latin Dictionary(Oxford at the Clarendon Press 1990), p. xxiii:Vowel quantities. Normally, only long vowels in a metrically indeterminate position are marked.
^Годечкият Говор от Михаил Виденов,Издателство на българската академия на науките,София, 1978, p. 19: ...характерни за всички селища от годечкия говор....Подобни случай са характерни и за книжовния език-Ст.Стойков, Увод във фонетиката на българския език , стр. 151..（保加利亞語）
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^Buse, Jasper with Taringa, Raututi (Bruce Biggs and Rangi Moekaʻa, eds.). (1996).Cook Islands Maori Dictionary with English-Cook Islands Maori Finder List.Avarua, Rarotonga: The Ministry of Education, Government of the Cook Islands; The School of Oriental and African Studies, The University of London; The Institute of Pacific Studies, The University of the South Pacific; The Centre for Pacific Studies, The University of Auckland; Pacific Linguistics, The Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University.
^Carpentier, Tai Tepuaoterā Turepu and Beaumont, Clive. (1995).Kai kōrero: A Cook Islands Maori Language Coursebook.Auckland, New Zealand: Pasifika Press.
^Sperlich, Wolfgang B. (ed.) (1997).Tohi vagahau Niue–Niue language dictionary: Niuen-English with English-Niuean finderlist.Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Linguistics.
^Académie Tahitienne. (1986).Grammaire de la langue tahitienne.Papeete, Tahiti: Fare Vānaʻa.
^Académie Tahitienne. (1999).Dictionnaire tahitien-français: Faʻatoro parau tahiti-farāni.Papeete, Tahiti: Fare Vānaʻa.
^LeMaître, Yves. (1995).Lexique du tahitien contemporain: tahitien-français français-tahitien.Paris: Éditions de l'IRD (ex-Orstom).
^Montillier, Pierre. (1999).Te reo tahitiʻāpi: Dictionnaire du tahitien nouveau et biblique.Papeete, Tahiti: STP Multipress.
^Jaussen, Mgr Tepano. (2001).Dictionnaire de la langue Tahitienne(10ème édition, revue et augmentée). Papeete, Tahiti: Société des Études Océaniennes.
^OLBTO (2011) "Reading and Writing Obolo: Obolo Alphabet" in "A Workshop Manual for Teaching Obolo." Obolo Language and Bible Translation Organisation (OLBTO). p.1
^Cappelli, Adriano. Manuali Hoepli Lexicon Abbreviature Dizionario Di Abbreviature Latine ed Italiane. Milan: Editore Ulrico Hoepli Milano. 1961.
